Bradwardine, Thomas [key], c.1295–1349, English mathematician, natural philosopher, and theologian. He was chaplain to Edward III (c.1338) and later archbishop of Canterbury. As a mathematician he is known for his Tractatus de proportionibus velocitatum (1328), which attempted to derive novel quantitative relations between speed and force; as a natural philosopher he defended Aristotle's concept of the plenum against atomistic views. His major theological work, De causa Dei contra Pelagium, takes a determinist position on the problem of free will.
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