Fried, Alfred Hermann [key], 1864–1921, Austrian pacifist. He moved to Berlin, where he was a bookseller and a writer. Influenced by Bertha von Suttner, he devoted himself after 1891 to the international peace movement. Fried founded the Deutsche Friedengesellschaft [German league for peace], edited from 1899 the periodical Friedenswarte, contributed to other pacifist journals, and wrote books. He shared the 1911 Nobel Peace Prize with Tobias Asser. In World War I, Fried continued his work in Switzerland. His approach to international peace particularly stressed forming international juridical organizations.
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