W. E. B. Du Bois

African-American author and teacher who helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). A recipient of the World Peace Council Prize (1952) and the Soviet Lenin Peace Prize (1959), Du Bois became a member of the Communist party in 1961 and a citizen of Ghana, where he served as director of the Encyclopedia Africana. See also Encyclopedia: W.E.B. Du Bois.