Caulaincourt, Armand Augustin Louis, marquis de [key], b. 1772 or 1773, d. 1827, French diplomat and general, created duke of Vicenza by Napoleon I. He became (1802) Napoleon's aide-de-camp, and as ambassador to Russia (1807–11) he opposed the emperor's war policy. He accompanied Napoleon as aide-de-camp in the Russian campaign and on his two-week dash from Russia to Paris (1812). Caulaincourt was foreign minister when Napoleon abdicated in 1814 and again during the Hundred Days. His remarkable memoirs of the years 1812 to 1815 were first published in 1933 and appeared in English as With Napoleon in Russia (1935) and No Peace with Napoleon! (1936).
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