Fushun [key], city, NE Liaoning prov., China, in a highly industrialized area. It is connected by rail with nearby Shenyang (Mukden) and with Dalian. Fushun's coal mines include an enormous open-pit coal mine that has been in operation since about the 12th cent. They are now highly mechanized, but minable coal deposits and production have decreased significantly in 21st cent. Oil shale deposits, also mined there, are processed in the Fushun oil refineries. Fushun also has a major aluminum-reduction plant and factories making automobiles, machinery, chemicals, cement, and rubber. The city was developed by Russia until 1905 and by Japan until 1945.
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