Kalaburagi, formerly Gulbarga [key], city (1991 pop. 310,920), Karnataka state, S central India. It is along the route from Mumbai to Chennai. The city is a cotton-trading hub, with all facets of cotton-processing occurring there. There are also manufactures in flour, oil, and paint. Kalaburagi, a district administrative center, was the capital (1347–1432) of the Muslim Bahmani kingdom and is the site of the tomb of Firuz Shah Bahmani. The large 13th-century mosque is modeled after that in Córdoba, Spain.
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