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Farouk

(Encyclopedia) FaroukFaroukfär&oomacr;kˈ [key], 1920–65, king of Egypt (1936–52), son and successor of Fuad I. After a short regency he acceded (1937) to the throne. A constitutional monarch,…

Umar

(Encyclopedia) UmarUmar&oomacr;märˈ [key] or OmarUmarōˈmär [key], c.581–644, 2d caliph (see caliphate). At first hostile to Islam, he was converted by 618, becoming an adviser to Muhammad. He…

Hajj Umar, al-

(Encyclopedia) Hajj Umar, al-Hajj Umar, al-äl-häj &oomacr;märˈ [key] or Hajj OmarHajj Umar, al-ōˈmär [key], 1797–1864, Muslim religious and military leader in W Africa. A chieftain of the large…

How We've Changed Since 9/11

Americans are still feeling the impact of the September 11 terrorist attacks ten years later. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York City Photo Credit: National…

Abu Bakr

(Encyclopedia) Abu BakrAbu Bakräˈb&oomacr; bäkˈər [key], 573–634, 1st caliph, friend, father-in-law, and successor of Muhammad. He was probably Muhammad's first convert outside the Prophet's…

Fuad I

(Encyclopedia) Fuad I (Ahmed Fuad Pasha)Fuad If&oomacr;ädˈ [key], 1868–1936, first king of modern Egypt, son of the khedive Ismail Pasha. Educated in Europe, Fuad returned to Egypt in 1880. He…