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Austro-Hungarian Monarchy

(Encyclopedia)Austro-Hungarian Monarchy or Dual Monarchy, the Hapsburg empire from 1867 until its fall in 1918. The internal weakness of the empire became immediately obvious. Czech regiments deserted wholesal...

Tisza, Kálmán

(Encyclopedia)Tisza, Kálmán kälˈmän tĭˈsŏ [key], 1830–1902, Hungarian premier (1875–90), of an old Calvinist family. He entered politics in the Hungarian revolution of Mar., 1848. Elected (1861) to the ...

Dual Monarchy

(Encyclopedia)Dual Monarchy: see Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. ...

Tisza, Count Stephen

(Encyclopedia)Tisza, Count Stephen, 1861–1918, Hungarian premier (1903–5, 1913–17); son of Kálmán Tisza. He believed in strong personal government and sought to make Hungary a forceful partner in the Austro...

Conrad von Hötzendorf, Franz, Graf

(Encyclopedia)Conrad von Hötzendorf, Franz, Graf fränts gräf kônˈrät fən höˈtsəndôrf [key], 1852–1925, Austro-Hungarian field marshal. He served (1906–11, 1912–17) as chief of staff and led the Aus...

Koerber, Ernest von

(Encyclopedia)Koerber, Ernest von fən körˈbər [key], 1850–1919, Austro-Hungarian prime minister. A career civil servant, he became prime minister (1900–1904) and made a vigorous but vain attempt to reconcil...

Francis Ferdinand

(Encyclopedia)Francis Ferdinand, 1863–1914, Austrian archduke, heir apparent (after 1889) of his uncle, Emperor Francis Joseph. In 1900 he married a Czech, Sophie Chotek. She was made duchess of Hohenberg, but be...

Károlyi, Count Michael

(Encyclopedia)Károlyi, Count Michael, 1875–1955, Hungarian politician, of an ancient noble family. A liberal, he organized (1918) a national council for Hungary after the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Mona...

Adler, Viktor

(Encyclopedia)Adler, Viktor vĭkˈtôr ädˈlər [key], 1852–1918, Austrian socialist politician and journalist, founder and leader of the Austrian Social Democratic party. Initially a German nationalist, he beca...

Vaida-Voevod, Alexander

(Encyclopedia)Vaida-Voevod, Alexander väˈēdä voivōdˈ [key], 1871–1950, Romanian statesman, b. Transylvania. He was (1906–18) a member of the Hungarian parliament, in which he advocated the cause of the Ro...