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fine

(Encyclopedia)fine. 1 In criminal law, sum of money exacted by a lawful tribunal as punishment for a crime. In the case of misdemeanors and minor infractions of the law, convicted persons ordinarily have the altern...

Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams

(Encyclopedia)Crenshaw, Kimberlé, 1959–, American legal scholar and critical race theorist, b. Canton, Ohio, J.D. Harvard University, 1984. An influential writer o...

misdemeanor

(Encyclopedia)misdemeanor, in law, a minor crime, in contrast to a felony. At common law a misdemeanor was a crime other than treason or a felony. Although it might be a grave offense, it did not affect the feudal ...

mass-luminosity relation

(Encyclopedia)mass-luminosity relation, in astronomy, law stating that the luminosity of a star is proportional to some power of the mass of the star. More massive stars are in general more luminous. For stars on t...

Diggers

(Encyclopedia)Diggers, members of a small English religio-economic movement (fl. 1649–50), so called because they attempted to dig (i.e., cultivate) the wastelands. They were an offshoot of the more important gro...

Deukmejian, George

(Encyclopedia)Deukmejian, George (Courken George Deukmejian, Jr.), 1928–2018, American political leader, b. Menands, N.Y., grad. St. Bernardine of Siena College (now Siena College), 1949, St. John's Univ. law sch...

Colby, Bainbridge

(Encyclopedia)Colby, Bainbridge, 1869–1950, U.S. lawyer and public official, b. St. Louis. Upon graduation (1891) from Columbia law school, he began law practice in New York City and became active in Republican p...

Royall, Kenneth Claiborne

(Encyclopedia)Royall, Kenneth Claiborne, 1894–1971, U.S. army officer and government official, b. Goldsboro, N.C., grad. Univ. of North Carolina (1914), Harvard Law School (1917). Royall served in World War I (19...

Roberts, Owen Josephus

(Encyclopedia)Roberts, Owen Josephus, 1875–1955, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1930–45), b. Philadelphia. After receiving (1898) his law degree from the Univ. of Pennsylvania, he practiced law in...

Szydło, Beata Maria

(Encyclopedia)Szydło, Beata Maria, 1963–, Polish political leader, grad. Jagiellonian Univ., 1989. A member of the conservative Law and Justice party, she was first elected to the Sejm, Poland's lower house of p...