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Hamann, Johann Georg

(Encyclopedia)Hamann, Johann Georg yōˈhän gāˈôrk häˈmən [key], 1730–88, German Protestant theologian, b. Königsberg (now Kaliningrad). Although opposed to the rationalism of Kant and the German Enlighte...

Albrechtsberger, Johann Georg

(Encyclopedia)Albrechtsberger, Johann Georg yōˈhän gāˈôrk älˈbrĕkhtsbĕrˌgər [key], 1736–1809, Austrian musical theorist, teacher, and composer. He became (1772) court organist in Vienna and later was ...

Graevius, Johann Georg

(Encyclopedia)Graevius, Johann Georg yōˈhän gāˈôrk grāˈvēo͝os [key], 1632–1703, German antiquary. His German name was Gräve or Greffe. He was historiographer to William III of England and is remembered...

Forster, Johann Reinhold

(Encyclopedia)Forster, Johann Reinhold, 1729–98, German naturalist and teacher. His Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (1772–73) on zoology, ornithology, and ichthyology established him as one of t...

Herwegh, Georg

(Encyclopedia)Herwegh, Georg gāˈôrkh hĕrˈvāk [key], 1817–75, German revolutionary poet. His best-known work, Gedichte eines Lebendigen [poems of a living man] (1841) stirred much liberal enthusiasm. Herwegh...

Heym, Georg

(Encyclopedia)Heym, Georg gāˈôrkh hīm [key], 1887–1912, German poet and novelist of early expressionism. Rebelling against the new romanticism, Heym created the “demon” metropolis. This became his symbol ...

Kaiser, Georg

(Encyclopedia)Kaiser, Georg gāˈôrkh kīˈzər [key], 1878–1945, German expressionist playwright. His early plays dealt with the erotic and the psychological. In maturity Kaiser turned to social themes, glorify...

Muffat, Georg

(Encyclopedia)Muffat, Georg gāˈôrk mo͝ofˈät [key], 1645–1704, German organist and composer. Muffat studied in Italy with Arcangelo Corelli and Bernardo Pasquini. He also spent six years in Paris studying Je...

Michaelis, Georg

(Encyclopedia)Michaelis, Georg gāˈôrkh mĭkhˌäāˈlĭs [key], 1857–1936, German chancellor (July–Oct., 1917). A Prussian bureaucrat, he succeeded Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg as imperial chancellor and wa...

Pencz, Georg

(Encyclopedia)Pencz, Georg gāˈôrkh pĕnts [key], c.1500–1550, German painter and engraver of the Nuremberg school. He probably studied with Dürer in Nuremberg. He was banished in 1525 but soon returned. Pencz...