Columbia Encyclopedia

Search results

500 results found

Dalton, John

(Encyclopedia)Dalton, John dôlˈtən [key], 1766–1844, English scientist. He revived the atomic theory (see atom), which he formulated in the first volume of his New System of Chemical Philosophy (2 vol., 1808�...

Dalton

(Encyclopedia)Dalton, city (2020 pop. 34,417), seat of Whitfield co., extreme NW Ga., in the Appalachian valley; inc. 1847. It is a highly industrialized city in a fa...

Dalton's law

(Encyclopedia)Dalton's law [for John Dalton], physical law that states that the total pressure exerted by a homogeneous mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. The par...

Dalton plan

(Encyclopedia)Dalton plan: see progressive education. ...

Hooker, Sir Joseph Dalton

(Encyclopedia)Hooker, Sir Joseph Dalton: see under Hooker, Sir William Jackson. ...

combining weight

(Encyclopedia)combining weight, the proportion (by weight) in which a chemical element combines with other elements to form compounds. The determination of combining weights was a very important part of early chemi...

Higgins, William

(Encyclopedia)Higgins, William, b. 1762 or 1763, d. 1825, Irish chemist. After study at Oxford he became supervisor of the Royal Dublin Society's mineralogical collection and in 1800 the Society's professor of chem...

Coffeyville

(Encyclopedia)Coffeyville kôˈfēvĭlˌ, kŏfˈē– [key], city (2020 pop. 8,826), Montgomery co....

law of simple multiple proportions

(Encyclopedia)law of simple multiple proportions, in chemistry, the statement that when two or more elements form more than one compound, the ratio of the weights of one element that combine with a given weight of ...

atomic weight

(Encyclopedia)atomic weight, mean (weighted average) of the masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes of a chemical element, as contrasted with atomic mass, which is the mass of any individual isotope. Althoug...