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Döllinger, Johann Joseph Ignaz von

(Encyclopedia)Döllinger, Johann Joseph Ignaz von yōˈhän yōˈzĕf ĭgˈnäts fən dölˈĭngər [key], 1799–1890, German theologian and historian, leader of the Old Catholics. Ordained in 1822, he was subsequ...

Dalberg, Karl Theodor, Freiherr von

(Encyclopedia)Dalberg, Karl Theodor, Freiherr von kärl tāˈədôrˌ frīˈhĕr fôn dälˈbĕrk [key], 1744–1817, German statesman, of an ancient noble family prominent in imperial service. He was archbishop-el...

Conrad von Hötzendorf, Franz, Graf

(Encyclopedia)Conrad von Hötzendorf, Franz, Graf fränts gräf kônˈrät fən höˈtsəndôrf [key], 1852–1925, Austro-Hungarian field marshal. He served (1906–11, 1912–17) as chief of staff and led the Aus...

Fischer von Erlach, Johann Bernhard

(Encyclopedia)Fischer von Erlach, Johann Bernhard yōˈhän bĕrnˈhärt fĭshˈər fən ērˈläkh [key], 1656–1723, the leading Austrian baroque architect. After studying in Rome he returned to Vienna. In 1705 ...

Feuerbach, Paul Johann Anselm von

(Encyclopedia)Feuerbach, Paul Johann Anselm von foiˈərbäkh [key], 1775–1833, German jurist; father of Ludwig Feuerbach. His work was in the field of criminal law. In Kritik des natürlichen Rechts [critique o...

Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von

(Encyclopedia)Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von hĕrˈmän lo͞otˈvĭkh fĕrˈdēnänt fən hĕlmˈhôlts [key], 1821–94, German scientist. Although known especially as a physicist and biologist, he was al...

Hardenberg, Karl August, Fürst von

(Encyclopedia)Hardenberg, Karl August, Fürst von kärl ouˈgo͝ost fürst fən härˈdənbĕrk [key], 1750–1822, Prussian administrator and diplomat, b. Hanover. After service for Hanover and Brunswick, he enter...

Grimmelshausen, Hans Jakob Christoffel von

(Encyclopedia)Grimmelshausen, Hans Jakob Christoffel von häns yäˈkôp krĭsˈtôfəl fən grĭmˈəlshouˌzən [key], 1625–76, German novelist. Impressed into the Thirty Years War at the age of 10, he educated...

Gneisenau, August, Graf Neithardt von

(Encyclopedia)Gneisenau, August, Graf Neithardt von ouˈgo͝ost gräf nītˈhärt fən gənīˈzənou [key], 1760–1831, Prussian field marshal. In the Napoleonic Wars he fought at Jena (1806) and, as a major, won...

Goltz, Colmar, Freiherr von der

(Encyclopedia)Goltz, Colmar, Freiherr von der kôlˈmär frīˈhĕr fən dər gôlts [key], 1843–1916, Prussian field marshal and military historian. A soldier, he served in the Austro-Prussian War (1866) and the...

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