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Garden, Mary

(Encyclopedia)Garden, Mary, 1874–1967, Scottish-American operatic soprano, b. Aberdeen, Scotland, studied in Paris. Her debut (1900) occurred when she replaced, without rehearsal, the star of Charpentier's Louise...

Abercromby, James

(Encyclopedia)Abercromby, James, 1706–81, British general in the French and Indian Wars, b. Scotland. He arrived in America in 1756 and in 1758 replaced the earl of Loudoun as supreme British commander. After fai...

Cumbernauld

(Encyclopedia)Cumbernauld, town, near Glasgow, North Lanarkshire, SW Scotland. Cumbernauld, the 15th of Britain's new towns, was designated in 1955 to alleviate Glasg...

Coldstream

(Encyclopedia)Coldstream, small town, Scottish Borders, SE Scotland, on the English border. General Monck raised troops there in 1660 for his march into England that resulted in the restoration of Charles II to the...

Clackmannanshire

(Encyclopedia)Clackmannanshire klăkmănˈənshər, –shĭrˌ [key], council area (1993 est. pop. 48,660), 60 sq mi (157 sq km), and former county, central Scotland. Under the Local Government Act of 1973, the cou...

Churchyard, Thomas

(Encyclopedia)Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?–1604, English author. In his youth he was page to Henry Howard, earl of Surrey. He spent most of his life as a professional soldier, serving in Scotland, Flanders, and Fran...

Fingal's Cave

(Encyclopedia)Fingal's Cave fĭngˈgəl, fĭnˈ– [key], cavern, 227 ft (69 m) long, celebrated for its unusual beauty, on Staffa island, one of the Inner Hebrides, W Scotland. The entrance is an archway supported...

Sheriffmuir

(Encyclopedia)Sheriffmuir shĕrˈĭfmyo͝orˌ [key], battlefield in Stirling, central Scotland, near Dunblane. It was the scene, Nov. 13, 1715, of an indecisive battle between the Jacobites under John Erskine, 6th ...

shinty

(Encyclopedia)shinty, a game originating in 17th cent. Scotland, in which opposing teams of 12 players each attempt to knock a small ball through their opponent's goal, or hail, using sticks similar to though small...

Barclay, John

(Encyclopedia)Barclay, John, 1734–98, minister of the Church of Scotland and founder of the Bereans or Barclayites. His Without Faith, without God (1769) and other works were unacceptable to his presbytery, and h...