Dinosaur fossils have been found all over the world, and more are being found all the time. Each time a new fossil is examined by a palaeontologist or other scientist, more information is gleaned about how and where the animal lived. The dinosaur profiles in this section summarize what is known today about the dinosaurs that appear in this work.
Acanthopholis “Spiny scales”
Pronunciation: a-KAN-tho-FOLE-is |
Maximum length: 4 m (13 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: rivers, woodland |
Fossil finds: South America (Bolivia), Europe (England) |
Albertosaurus “lizard from Alberta”
Pronunciation: al-BERT-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 8 m (26 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: hunted and scavenged meat |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (USA, Canada) |
Allosaurus “different lizard”
Pronunciation: AL-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 12 m (39 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: open countryside |
Fossil finds: North America (western USA), Australia |
Anchisaurus “near lizard”
Pronunciation: AN-ki-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 2.5 m (8 ft) |
Time: Early Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: dry savannah |
Fossil finds: North America (Connecticut, Massachusetts) |
Pronunciation: AN-han-GER-a |
Wingspan: 4.5 m (15 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: fish |
Habitat: coastal regions |
Fossil finds: South America (Brazil) |
Ankylosaurus “fused lizard”
Pronunciation: an-KY-low-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 10.5 m (34 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: forests |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana, USA; Alberta, Canada), South America (Bolivia) |
Apatosaurus “deceptive lizard”
Pronunciation: a-PAT-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 21 m (69 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: flood plain |
Fossil finds: North America (Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming) |
Archaeopteryx “ancient wing”
Pronunciation: ar-kee-OP-ter-ix |
Wingspan: 0.5 m (1 ft 6 in) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: small animals |
Habitat: tropical desert islands |
Fossil finds: western Europe |
Pronunciation: ba-RA-pa-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 18 m (59 ft) |
Time: Early Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: low-lying flood plain |
Fossil finds: Asia (India) |
Barosaurus “heavy lizard”
Pronunciation: BAR-o-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 27 m (89 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: flood plain |
Fossil finds: North America (western USA), Africa (Tanzania) |
Pronunciation: BAR-ee-ON-ix |
Maximum length: 9.5 m (31 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: fish |
Habitat: rivers, woodlands |
Fossil finds: Europe (England) |
Brachiosaurus “armed lizard”
Pronunciation: BRACK-ee-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 25 m (82 ft) |
Time: Middle to Late Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: Africa (Tanzania), Europe (Portugal), North America |
Brachylophosaurus “short-crested lizard”
Pronunciation brack-ee-LOAF-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 7 m (23 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: swamps |
Fossil finds: North America (Alberta, Canada) |
Camarasaurus “chambered lizard”
Pronunciation: kam-AR-a-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 18 m (59 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: flood plain |
Fossil finds: North America (Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming), Europe (Portugal) |
Camptosaurus “flexible lizard”
Pronunciation: KAMP-toe-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 7 m (23 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous |
Diet: low-lying plants |
Habitat: wooded lowlands |
Fossil finds: North America (Utah), Europe |
Carcharodontosaurus “shark-toothed lizard”
Pronunciation: kar-KAR-oh-DONT-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 13.5 m (40 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: hunted and scavenged meat |
Habitat: wooded river valleys |
Fossil finds: North Africa (Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Niger) |
Carnotaurus “flesh-eating”
Pronunciation: KAR-noh-TOR-us |
Maximum length:7.5 m (25 ft) |
Time: Middle to Late Cretaceous |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: arid plains |
Fossil finds: South America (Argentina) |
Ceratosaurus “horned lizard”
Pronunciation: SER-a-toe-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 6 m (20 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: hunted and scavenged meat |
Habitat: open countryside |
Fossil finds: North America (Colorado, Utah), Africa (Tanzania) |
Coelophysis “hollow form”
Pronunciation: SEEL-oh-FY-sis |
Maximum length: 2.8 m (9 ft) |
Time: Late Triassic |
Diet: reptiles, fish, other dinosaurs |
Habitat: dry savannah |
Fossil finds: North America (Arizona, Utah, New Mexico) |
Compsognathus “pretty jaw”
Pronunciation: KOMP-sow-NAY-thus |
Maximum length: 1.4 m (4 ft 6 in) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: insects, lizards, other small animals |
Habitat: desert islands |
Fossil finds: Europe (Germany, France) |
Corythosaurus “helmet lizard”
Pronunciation: ko-RITH-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 10 m (33 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: low-lying plants |
Habitat: forests |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana, USA; Alberta, Canada) |
Cryolophosaurus “frozen-crested lizard”
Pronunciation: KRIE-ol-lof-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 6 m (20 ft) |
Time: Early Jurassic |
Diet: hunted prosauropods and other planteating dinosaurs |
Habitat: moist riverside |
Fossil finds: Antarctica |
Deinonychus “terrible claw”
Pronunciation: DIE-no-NIKE-us |
Maximum length: 3 m (10 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana, Utah, Wyoming) |
Diplodocus “double-beamed”
Pronunciation: dip-LOD-oh-kus |
Maximum length: 27 m (89 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: flood plain |
Fossil finds: North America (Colorado, Montana, Utah, Wyoming) |
Dilophosaurus “two-ridge lizard”
Pronunciation: DYE-lo-fuh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 6 m (20 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: scrub and open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Arizona), China |
Dromaeosaurus “running lizard”
Pronunciation: DROME-ee-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 1.8 m (6 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: meat, including other dinosaurs |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana, USA; Alberta, Canada) |
Dryosaurus “Oak tree lizard”
Pronunciation: DRY-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 3 m (10 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: low-growing plants |
Habitat: forest |
Fossil finds: Africa (Tanzania), North America (Colorado, Wyoming) |
Dsungaripterus “Junggar basin wing”
Pronunciation: JUNG-gah-RIP-te-rus |
Wingspan: 3 m (10 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: fish, molluscs, seashore animals |
Habitat: coastal shores |
Fossil finds: Asia (China) |
Edmontonia “from Edmonton”
Pronunciation: ed-MONT-oh-NIA |
Maximum length: 7 m (23 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: low-growing plants |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Alberta in Canada, Alaska, Montana in USA) |
Edmontosaurus “Edmonton lizard”
Pronunciation: ed-MONT-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 13 m (43 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: low-lying plants |
Habitat: swamps |
Fossil finds: North America (Wyoming, Montana, and New Jersey, USA; Alberta, Canada) |
Elasmosaurus “thin-plated lizard”
Pronunciation: ee-LAZ-mo-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 14 m (46 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: fish, swimming molluscs |
Habitat: shallow seas |
Fossil finds: North America (Wyoming, Kansas), Asia (Japan) |
Pronunciation: ee-oh-RAP-tor |
Maximum length: 1 m (3 ft) |
Time: Late Triassic |
Diet: hunted and scavenged meat |
Habitat: river valleys |
Fossil finds: South America (Argentina) |
Euoplocephalus “well-armoured lizard”
Pronunciation: you-op-luh-SEF-uh-lus |
Maximum length: 7 m (23 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: low-lying plants |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana, USA; Alberta, Canada) |
Gallimimus “rooster mimic”
Pronunciation: GAL-ih-MIME-us |
Maximum length: 6 m (20 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: insects, lizards, eggs, plants |
Habitat: river valleys |
Fossil finds: Asia (Mongolia) |
Pronunciation: gas-TONE-ia |
Maximum length: 5 m (16 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: low-lying plants |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Utah) |
Gigantosaurus “giant southern lizard”
Pronunciation: gi-GANT-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 13 m (43 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: flood plain |
Fossil finds: South America (Argentina) |
Hadrosaurus “bulky lizard”
Pronunciation: HAD-roe-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 10 m (33 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: wooded lowlands |
Fossil finds: North America (New Jersey, Montana, and New Mexico, USA; Alberta, Canada) |
Herrerasaurus “Herrera’s lizard”
Pronunciation: her-rare-uh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 4 m (13 ft) |
Time: Late Triassic |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: river valleys |
Fossil finds: South America (Argentina) |
Heterodontosaurus “different-toothed lizard”
Pronunciation: HET-er-oh-DONT-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 1.3 m (4 ft) |
Time: Late Triassic to Early Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: dry lowlands |
Fossil finds: Africa (South Africa) |
Hylaeosaurus “woodland lizard”
Pronunciation: HY-lee-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 4 m (13 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: South America (Bolivia), England |
Hypsilophodon “high-crested tooth”
Pronunciation: hip-see-LOAF-oh-don |
Maximum length: 2.3 m (6 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: low-growing plants |
Habitat: woodlands |
Fossil finds: Europe (UK, Spain, Portugal), North America (South Dakota, USA) |
Ichthyosaurus “fish lizard”
Pronunciation: ICK-thee-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 3 m (10 ft) |
Time: Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous |
Diet: fish, squid |
Habitat: open ocean |
Fossil finds: North America (Alberta, Canada), Greenland, Europe (England, Germany), South America |
Pronunciation: ig-WA-no-DON |
Maximum length: 12 m (40 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: leaves, branches, fronds, ferns |
Habitat: woodlands |
Fossil finds: Europe, North Africa, Asia (Mongolia), North America |
Kronosaurus “Krono’s lizard”
Pronunciation: kro-no-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 9 m (30 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: marine reptiles, fish, molluscs |
Habitat: open ocean |
Fossil finds: Australia (Queensland), South America (Columbia) |
Lambeosaurus “Lambe’s lizard”
Pronunciation: LAM-bee-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 15 m (49 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: pine needles, leaves, twigs |
Habitat: forests |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana, USA; Alberta, Canada), Mexico (Baja California) |
Leaellynasaura “Leaellyn’s lizard”
Pronunciation: lee-AL-in-ah-SAW-ra |
Maximum length: 3 m (10 ft) |
Time: Middle Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: cold, icy regions |
Fossil finds: Australia (Victoria) |
Lesothosaurus “Lesotho lizard”
Pronunciation: leh-SOTH-uh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 1 m (3 ft) |
Time: Early Jurassic |
Diet: low-lying plants |
Habitat: semi-deserts |
Fossil finds: South America (Venezuela), southern Africa (Lesotho) |
Maiasaura “good mother lizard”
Pronunciation: MY-a-SAW-ra |
Maximum length: 9 m (30 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: wooded riverbanks |
Fossil finds: North America |
Mamenchisaurus “Mamexi lizard”
Pronunciation: ma-MENCH-ih-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 25 m (82 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: flood plain |
Fossil finds: Asia (China) |
Megalosaurus “great lizard”
Pronunciation: MEG-a-low-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 9 m (30 ft) |
Time: Middle Jurassic |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: coastal woodland |
Fossil finds: Europe (UK, France), Africa (Morocco) |
Pronunciation: muss-AW-rus |
Maximum length: 3 m (10 ft) |
Time: Late Triassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: dry desert |
Fossil finds: South America (Argentina) |
Nothosaurus “southern lizard”
Pronunciation: NOTH-uh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 3 m (10 ft) |
Time: Triassic |
Diet: fish |
Habitat: shallow tropical seas |
Fossil finds: Europe (Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Switzerland), North Africa, Asia, (Russia, China, Israel) |
Orodromeus “mountain runner”
Pronunciation: OR-ro-DRO-me-us |
Maximum length: 2.5 m (8 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana) |
Ouranosaurus “brave lizard”
Pronunciation: oo-RAN-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 7 m (23 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: flood plains |
Fossil finds: Africa (Niger) |
Pronunciation: OVE-ih-RAP-tor |
Maximum length: 2.5 m (8 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: meat, eggs |
Habitat: semi-desert |
Fossil finds: central Asia (Mongolia) |
Pachycephalosaurus “thick-headed lizard”
Pronunciation: PAK-ee-KEF-al-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 4.6 m (15 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: leaves, fruit, small animals |
Habitat: forests |
Fossil finds: North America (USA; Alberta, Canada), Europe (UK), Asia (Mongolia), Africa (Madagascar) |
Pachyrhinosaurus “thick-nosed lizard”
Pronunciation: PAK-ee-RINE-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 7 m (23 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: cycads and other plants |
Habitat: forests |
Fossil finds: North America (Alberta, Canada, and Alaska, USA) |
Parasauropholus “beside Sauropholus”
Pronunciation: par-a-SAWR-oh-LOAF-us |
Maximum length: 12 m (40 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: pine needles, leaves, twigs |
Habitat: swamps |
Fossil finds: North America (New Mexico and Utah, USA; Alberta, Canada) |
Pentaceratops “five-horned face”
Pronunciation: PEN-ta-SER-a-tops |
Maximum length: 8 m (26 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: cycads, palms, and other plants |
Habitat: swamps, forests |
Fossil finds: North America (New Mexico) |
Phuwiangosaurus “Phu Wiang lizard”
Pronunciation: poo-WYAHNG-o-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 30 m (102 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: tropical woodland |
Fossil finds: Asia (Thailand) |
Plateosaurus “flat lizard”
Pronunciation: PLAT-ee-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 8 m (26 ft) |
Time: Late Triassic |
Diet: conifers, cycads, and other plants |
Habitat: dry desert |
Protoceratops “first-horned face”
Pronunciation: pro-toe-SER-a-tops |
Maximum length: 2.5 m (8 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: desert-like scrubland |
Fossil finds: Asia (Mongolia, China) |
Psittacosaurus “parrot lizard”
Pronunciation: si-TAK-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 2.5 m (8 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: plants, small animals |
Habitat: desert-like scrubland |
Fossil finds: Asia (Mongolia, China, Thailand) |
Pteranodon “winged and toothless”
Pronunciation: ter-AN-uh-don |
Wingspan: 9 m (30 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: fish, molluscs, shore animals |
Habitat: shallow intercontinental seas |
Fossil finds: North America (South Dakota, Kansas, Oregon in USA), Europe (England), Asia (Japan) |
Pterodactylus “winged finger”
Pronunciation: TER-uh-DAK-ti-lus |
Wingspan: 1 m (3 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: fish, insects |
Habitat: coastal plains and cliffs |
Fossil finds: Europe (England, France, Germany), Africa (Tanzania) |
Rhamphorhynchus “beak snout”
Pronunciation: RAM-for-RINE-cus |
Wingspan: 1.75 cm (4 in) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: fish |
Habitat: coastal plains and cliffs |
Fossil finds: Europe (Germany, England), Africa (Tanzania) |
Saltasaurus “Salta Province lizard”
Pronunciation: SALT-a-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 12 m (40 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: lowlands |
Fossil finds: South America (Argentina, Uruguay) |
Scelidosaurus “limb lizard”
Pronunciation: skel-IDE-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 4 m (13 ft) |
Time: Early Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: river valleys |
Fossil finds: Europe, North America (Arizona, USA) |
Seismosaurus “quake lizard”
Pronunciation: SIZE-mo-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 52 m (171 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: conifers and other plants |
Habitat: flood plain |
Spinosaurus “spiny lizard”
Pronunciation: SPINE-o-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 15 m (49 ft) |
Time: Middle Cretaceous |
Diet: fish, other dinosaurs, may have scavenged |
Habitat: wooded river valleys |
Fossil finds: Africa (Egypt, Morocco) |
Stegosaurus “roof lizard”
Pronunciation: STEG-o-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 9 m (30 ft) |
Time: Late Jurassic |
Diet: low-lying plants |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Utah, Wyoming, Colorado), Europe (UK), Asia (India, China), Africa |
Styracosaurus “spiked lizard”
Pronunciation: sty-RAK-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 5 m (16 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: ferns, cycads, and other plants |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Arizona and Montana, USA; Alberta, Canada) |
Suchomimus “crocodile mimic”
Pronunciation: SOOK-o-MIEM-us |
Maximum length: 11 m (36 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: fish, meat |
Habitat: flood plain |
Fossil finds: Africa (Niger) |
Thescelosaurus “wonderful lizard”
Pronunciation: THES-kel-o-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 4 m (13 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: wooded lowlands |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana, South Dakota, and Wyoming, USA; Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada) |
Titanosaurus “Titan lizard”
Pronunciation: tie-TAN-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 20 m (66 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: open plains |
Fossil finds: South America (Argentina), Europe (France), Asia (India), Africa (Madagascar) |
Triceratops “horrible three-horned face”
Pronunciation: try-SER-a-tops |
Maximum length: 9 m (30 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: low-lying plants |
Habitat: forests |
Fossil finds: western North America |
Pronunciation: TROE-o-don |
Maximum length: 3.5 m (11 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: open woodland |
Fossil finds: North America (Montana and Wyoming, USA; Alberta, Canada) |
Pronunciation: TRO-peog-NA-thus |
Wingspan: 6 m (20 ft) |
Time: Early Cretaceous |
Diet: fish, squid |
Habitat: open ocean |
Fossil finds: South America (Brazil) |
Tylosaurus “swollen lizard”
Pronunciation: TIE-lo-SAW-rus |
Wingspan: 8 m (26 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: fish, squid, turtles |
Habitat: open ocean |
Fossil finds: North America (Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Kansas, Colorado, Alabama, Mississippi), Europe (Belgium) |
Tyrannosaurus “tyrant lizard”
Pronunciation: tie-RAN-oh-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 12 m (39 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: hunted and scavenged meat |
Habitat: forests |
Fossil finds: western North America, Asia (Mongolia) |
Velociraptor “speedy thief”
Pronunciation: vel-O-si-RAP-tor |
Maximum length: 2 m (6 ft) |
Time: Late Cretaceous |
Diet: meat, including other dinosaurs |
Habitat: dry desert |
Fossil finds: Asia (Mongolia, China) |
Vulcanodon “vulcan tooth”
Pronunciation: vul-KAN-oh-don |
Maximum length: 6.5 m (21 ft) |
Time: Early Jurassic |
Diet: plants |
Habitat: dry savannah |
Fossil finds: Africa (Zimbabwe) |
Xuanhanosaurus “Xuanhan County lizard”
Pronunciation: zwan-HAN-o-SAW-rus |
Maximum length: 6 m (20 ft) |
Time: Middle Jurassic |
Diet: meat |
Habitat: wet lowland areas |
Fossil finds: Asia (China) |