(Encyclopedia) Abu al-Abbas as-SaffahAbu al-Abbas as-Saffahäˈb&oomacr; äl-äbäsˈ äs-säfäˈ [key], d. 754, 1st Abbasid caliph (749–54). Raised to the caliphate by the armed might of Abu Muslim, he…
(Encyclopedia) Abadi, Haidar Jawad Kadhim al-, 1952–, Iraqi political leader. A Shiite, Abadi received a doctorate in electrical engineering from the Univ. of Manchester (1981), then lived and worked…
(Encyclopedia) Khalifa bin Hamad al-Thani, 1932–2016, emir of Qatar (1972–95). Khalifa was the son of Hamad bin Abdullah al-Thani, the second emir's heir apparent, but Hamad died (1948) before the…
(Encyclopedia) Khalifa bin Salman al-Khalifa, 1935–2020, Bahraini political leader, prime minister (1971–2020). A member of the Sunni ruling family, he was the brother of Sheikh Isa bin Salman al-…
(Encyclopedia) Khalifa ibn Zaid Al Nahayan, 1948–, Emirati ruler. The son of Sheikh Zaid ibn Sultan Al Nahayan of Abu Dhabi, he was named crown prince and chairman of Abu Dhabi's defense department…
(Encyclopedia) Bukhari, Muhammad ibn Ismail, al-Bukhari, Muhammad ibn Ismail, al-b&oomacr;k-härēˈ [key] (c.810–70), Arabic scholar, b. Bukhara. He traveled widely over Muslim regions and made an…
(Encyclopedia) Bashir, Omar Hassan Ahmed al-Bashir, Omar Hassan Ahmed al-ōˈmär häˈsän äˈmĕd äl-bäshērˈ [key], 1944–, Sudanese military and political leader, president of Sudan (1994–2019). He…
(Encyclopedia) Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani, 1980–, emir of Qatar (2013–). The fourth son of Emir Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, he became heir apparent when his older brother Jasmin renounced his claim to…
(Encyclopedia) Saadia ben Joseph al-FayumiSaadia ben Joseph al-Fayumisäˈdēä, äl-fīy&oomacr;ˈmē [key], 882–942, Jewish scholar, b. Egypt. He was known as Saadia Gaon. He was the head of the great…
