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Foucault, Jean Bernard Léon

(Encyclopedia) Foucault, Jean Bernard LéonFoucault, Jean Bernard LéonzhäN bĕrnärˈ lāôNˈ f&oomacr;kōˈ [key], 1819–68, French physicist. Known especially for his research on the speed of light, he…

Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint

(Encyclopedia) Bernard of Clairvaux, SaintBernard of Clairvaux, Saintklrvōˈ [key], 1090?–1153, French churchman, mystic, Doctor of the Church. Born of noble family, in 1112 he entered the Cistercian…

Bernard of Menthon, Saint

(Encyclopedia) Bernard of Menthon, SaintBernard of Menthon, SaintmăNtôNˈ [key], d. 1081?, Italian churchman, founder of the Alpine hospices of Saint Bernard. His life was spent working among the…

Belidor, Bernard Forest de

(Encyclopedia) Belidor, Bernard Forest deBelidor, Bernard Forest debĕrnärˈ fôrĕˈ də bālēdôrˈ [key], 1693–1761, French engineer. He wrote numerous books dealing with mathematics, artillery, and…

Saint Bernard, two Alpine passes

(Encyclopedia) Saint Bernard, two Alpine passes, both used since antiquity. The Great Saint Bernard (alt. 8,110 ft/2,472 m), on the Italian-Swiss border, links Valais canton, Switzerland, with Valle…

Saint Bernard, breed of dog

(Encyclopedia) Saint Bernard, breed of massive working dog developed in Switzerland in the 18th cent. and perfected by British breeders during the 19th cent. It stands from 25 to 29 in. (64–74 cm)…

Fontenelle, Bernard le Bovier de

(Encyclopedia) Fontenelle, Bernard le Bovier deFontenelle, Bernard le Bovier debĕrnärˈ lə bōvyāˈ də fôNtənĕl [key], 1657–1757, French writer; nephew of Corneille. His forte was the interpretation of…