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Pliny the Elder

(Encyclopedia) Pliny the Elder (Caius Plinius Secundus)Pliny the Elderplĭˈnē [key], c.a.d. 23–a.d. 79, Roman naturalist, b. Cisalpine Gaul. He was a friend and fellow military officer of Vespasian,…

Actors Studio, The

(Encyclopedia) Actors Studio, The, organization founded 1947 in New York City by the directors Cheryl Crawford, Elia Kazan, and Robert Lewis to train professional actors. Long directed (1948–82) by…

Philip the Fair

(Encyclopedia) Philip the Fair: see Philip IV, king of France.

Philip the Good

(Encyclopedia) Philip the Good, 1396–1467, duke of Burgundy (1419–67); son of Duke John the Fearless. After his father was murdered (1419) at a meeting with the dauphin (later King Charles VII of…

Philip the Tall

(Encyclopedia) Philip the Tall: see Philip V, king of France.

Procopius the Great

(Encyclopedia) Procopius the Great, Czech Prokop Holý, d. 1434, Czech Hussite leader. A priest, he joined the Hussite movement (see Hussites) and distinguished himself as a captain under John Zizka…

Canute the Saint

(Encyclopedia) Canute the Saint, d. 1086, king (1080–86) and patron saint of Denmark. He built churches and cathedrals and raised the bishops to the rank of prince. In 1085 he made an unsuccessful…