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Charles Proteus Steinmetz

Born: 1865Birthplace: Breslau, Germany System of electrical distribution—Steinmetz developed theories for alternating current making possible the expansion of the electric power industry in the…

Charles Hard Townes

Born: 1915Birthplace: Greenville, South Carolina Masers—Townes constructed the maser (microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) and also suggested the laser. Both are used in…

Charles Stark Draper

Born: 1901Birthplace: Windsor, Mo. Gyroscopic apparatus—Draper developed a spinning gyroscope, stabilizing U.S. Navy antiaircraft gun-sights which led to an inertial guidance system for launching…

Charles P. Ginsburg

Born: 1920 Videotape recorder—After World War II audio tape recorders were run at very high speeds to record the very high frequency television signals. Ginsburg developed a new machine that ran…

Charles Martin Hall

Born: 1863Birthplace: Thompson, Ohio Manufacture of aluminum—Hall discovered the modern electrolytic method of producing aluminum cheaply which enabled the metal to be put into wide commercial use…

Charles Franklin Kettering

Born: 1876Birthplace: Ohio Engine starting devices and ignition system—Kettering invented the first electrical ignition system and the self-starter for automobiles and the first practical engine-…

Charles J. Plank

Born: 1915Birthplace: Calcutta, India Catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons with a crystalline zeolite catalyst composite—Plank and Rosinski developed the first commercially useful zeolite catalyst…

Charles D. Kelman

Born: 1930 Cataract Surgery. In 1963, Kelman designed the ultrasonic phacoemulsifier, which liquefies cataracts so they can be removed by suction. The pioneering procedure reduced the risk of…

Charles B. Wang

computer software entrepreneurBorn: 1944Birthplace: Shanghai, China When he was 8 years old, Wang's family moved to New York City. Graduating from Queens College with a B.S. in mathematics in 1967…

Charles Black, Jr.

Born: 9/22/1915Birthplace: Austin, Texas constitutional law expert and professor who helped to write the legal brief for 10-year-old Linda Brown, the plaintiff in the landmark 1954 Supreme Court…