(Encyclopedia) Aranda, Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, conde deAranda, Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, conde depāˈᵺrō päˈblō äbärˈkä ᵺa bōlāˈä kōnˈdā ᵺā äränˈdä [key], 1718–98, Spanish statesman. He…
(Encyclopedia) Alexander VI, 1431?–1503, pope (1492–1503), a Spaniard (b. Játiva) named Rodrigo de Borja or, in Italian, Rodrigo Borgia; successor of Innocent VIII. He took Borja as his surname from…
(Encyclopedia) Isabella, 1296–1358, queen consort of Edward II of England, daughter of Philip IV of France. She married Edward in 1308. Neglected and mistreated by her husband, Isabella nourished…
(Encyclopedia) Alfonso III, 1210–79, king of Portugal (1248–79), son of Alfonso II, brother and successor of Sancho II. By his marriage with Matilda, countess of Boulogne, he became count of Boulogne…
(Encyclopedia) Alexander III, 1845–94, czar of Russia (1881–94), son and successor of Alexander II. Factors that contributed to Alexander's reactionary policies included his father's assassination,…
(Encyclopedia) Alexander III, 1241–86, king of Scotland (1249–86), son and successor of Alexander II. He married a daughter of Henry III of England and quarreled with Henry, and later Henry's son…
(Encyclopedia) Ferdinand III, 1608–57, Holy Roman emperor (1637–57), king of Hungary (1626–57) and of Bohemia (1627–57), son and successor of Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II. After the dismissal and…
(Encyclopedia) Henry III, 1207–72, king of England (1216–72), son and successor of King John.
Henry III has suffered at the hands of many historians, in part, because of the hostility of…
