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Adrian IV, pope

(Encyclopedia) Adrian IV, d. 1159, pope (1154–59), an Englishman (the only English pope), b. Nicholas Breakspear at Langley, near St. Albans. He was successor of Anastasius IV. At an early age he…

2009 Pulitzer Prize Winners

Awards ranging from journalism to fiction to music Related Links Joseph Pulitzer Biography Book, Magazine,…

Frederick III, Holy Roman emperor and German king

(Encyclopedia) Frederick III, 1415–93, Holy Roman emperor (1452–93) and German king (1440–93). With his brother Albert VI he inherited the duchies of Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola. He became head…

Alsop, Marin

(Encyclopedia) Alsop, MarinAlsop, Marinôlˈsəp [key], 1956–, American conductor, b. New York City. The daughter of professional musicians, she began playing the piano at two and the violin at five.…

Olney, Richard

(Encyclopedia) Olney, Richard, 1835–1917, American cabinet member, b. Oxford, Mass. He was a successful Boston lawyer and had served briefly in the state legislature before President Cleveland…

Lille

(Encyclopedia) LilleLillelēl [key], city (1990 pop. 178,301), capital of Nord dept., N France, near the Belgian border. With its central position in NW Europe, Lille became a great commercial,…

Africa: Rulers

Congo: Rulers Theophile Theodore Joseph Antoine Baron Wahis, governor-general of the Belgian Congo (1900–12) Felix Alexandre Fuch, governor-general of the Belgian Congo (1912–16) Eugene Joseph…

Aldrin, Buzz

(Encyclopedia) Aldrin, BuzzAldrin, Buzzôlˈdrĭn [key] (Edwin Eugene Aldrin, Jr.), 1930–, American astronaut, b. Montclair, N.J. After graduating from West Point (1951), Aldrin joined the U.S. air…

Alexander III, pope

(Encyclopedia) Alexander III, d. 1181, pope (1159–81), a Sienese named Rolandus [Bandinelli?], successor of Adrian IV. He was a canonist who had studied law under Gratian and had taught at Bologna.…