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Johnson, Tom Loftin

(Encyclopedia) Johnson, Tom Loftin, 1854–1911, American municipal reformer, mayor of Cleveland (1901–10), b. Georgetown, Ky. He acquired a substantial fortune from streetcar and steel interests, and…

Haddington

(Encyclopedia) Haddington, town, East Lothian, SE Scotland. It has a large corn exchange. Farm machinery and textiles are manufactured, flour is milled…

Gatti-Casazza, Giulio

(Encyclopedia) Gatti-Casazza, GiulioGatti-Casazza, Giulioj&oomacr;ˈlyō gätˈtē-käzätˈsä [key], 1869–1940, Italian operatic manager. In 1893 he succeeded his father as director of the municipal…

Ohio and Erie Canal

(Encyclopedia) Ohio and Erie Canal, former waterway of Ohio, 307 mi (494 km) long, between Lake Erie at Cleveland and the Ohio River at Portsmouth; built 1825–32. It utilized part of the courses of…

Guérin, Jules

(Encyclopedia) Guérin, JulesGuérin, Julesgĕrˈĭn [key], 1866–1946, American mural painter and illustrator, b. St. Louis. His illustrations appeared in leading magazines. He executed decorations for…

Nashoba

(Encyclopedia) NashobaNashobanăshōˈbə [key], former community, Shelby co., SW Tenn., on the Wolf River just E of Memphis. It was established (1825) by Frances Wright and others, influenced by the…

community chest

(Encyclopedia) community chest, cooperative organization of citizens and social welfare agencies in a city. Also known as a united fund, it has two purposes: to raise funds through an annual campaign…

Burton, Harold Hitz

(Encyclopedia) Burton, Harold Hitz, 1888–1964, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1945–58), b. Jamaica Plain (now part of Boston), Mass. Admitted to the bar in 1912, he built a prosperous…