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European Coal and Steel Community

(Encyclopedia) European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), 1st treaty organization of what has become the European Union; established by the Treaty of Paris (1952). It is also known as the Schuman Plan…

Emmanuel, Byzantine and Portuguese rulers

(Encyclopedia) Emmanuel. For Byzantine and Portuguese rulers thus named, use Manuel.

exile, in politics and government

(Encyclopedia) exile, removal of a national from his or her country, or the civilized parts of it, for a long period of time or for life. Exile may be a forceful expulsion by the government or a…

Amazon, river, Peru and Brazil

(Encyclopedia) Amazon, Port. AmazonasAmazon,ämäzōˈnəs [key], world's second longest river, c.3,900 mi (6,280 km) long, formed by the junction in N Peru's Andes Mts. of two major headstreams, the…

scale, in weights and measures

(Encyclopedia) scale, in weights and measures, instruments for determining weight, generally for other than laboratory use. For the principles of operation of all weighing devices, see balance.…

scene design and stage lighting

(Encyclopedia) scene design and stage lighting, settings and illumination designed for theatrical productions. See also drama, Western; Asian drama; theater; directing; acting. Scene designers in…

Schism of East and West

(Encyclopedia) Schism of East and West, division between the Orthodox Eastern Church and the Roman Catholic Church. See Christianity; Ferrara-Florence, Council of; Leo IX, Saint; Lyons, Second…

baroque, in art and architecture

(Encyclopedia) baroquebaroquebərōkˈ [key], in art and architecture, a style developed in Europe, England, and the Americas during the 17th and early 18th cent. The baroque style is characterized by…

Adam and Eve, Life of

(Encyclopedia) Adam and Eve, Life of, early Jewish work included in the collection known as the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. It was probably written in Hebrew between 100 b.c. and a.d. 100. Based on…