The Columbia Encyclopedia is easy to use. All articles are arranged alphabetically with each article heading in boldface type. The headings of biographical articles are inverted and alphabetized by…
(Encyclopedia) Vermeer, Jan or JohannesVermeer, Jan or Johannesvərmērˈ, Dutch yän vərmārˈ, yōhänˈəs [key], 1632–75, Dutch genre and landscape painter. He was born in Delft, where he spent his entire…
(Encyclopedia) incunabulaincunabulaĭnˌky&oobreve;năbˈy&oobreve;lə [key], plural of incunabulum [Late Lat.,=cradle (books); i.e., books of the cradle days of printing], books printed in the…
(Encyclopedia) Holz, ArnoHolz, Arnoärˈnō hôlts [key], 1863–1929, German critic and poet. His influence as a founder of the German naturalist school and as a critic is more important than his work…
(Encyclopedia) Philomena of Dacia, Peter, or Peter Nightingale, fl. 1291–1303, Danish astronomer and mathematician. He taught at the Univ. of Bologna (1291–92) and in Paris, and was a canon of…
(Encyclopedia) Leo AfricanusLeo Africanusăfrĭkāˈnəs [key], c.1465–1550, Moorish traveler in Africa and the Middle East. His Arabic name was Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad. Captured by pirates, he was sent as…
(Encyclopedia) Witelo of Silesia or Vitelo, c.1230–75, Silesian physicist, philosopher, and theologian. He studied in Paris and Padua and spent time at the papal palace in Viterbo, Italy. His ten-…
(Encyclopedia) Le Clerc, JeanLe Clerc, JeanzhäN [key]Le Clerc, Jean lə klĕrˈ [key], Latin Johannes Clericus, 1657–1736, Swiss Arminian theologian and biblical scholar. He preached in France and in…
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