(Encyclopedia) Joseph II, 1741–90, Holy Roman emperor (1765–90), king of Bohemia and Hungary (1780–90), son of Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I, whom he succeeded. He was the first…
(Encyclopedia) Joseph, Father (François Leclerc du Tremblay), 1577–1638, French Capuchin monk, a confidant and agent of Cardinal Richelieu, generally known as the Éminence Grise [gray eminence].…
(Encyclopedia) Joubert, JosephJoubert, Josephzhôzĕfˈ zh&oomacr;bĕrˈ [key], 1754–1824, French moralist. His Pensées (of which there are many English translations) rank with those of La…
(Encyclopedia) Jacobs, Joseph, 1854–1916, Jewish writer, historian, and folklorist, b. Australia. He lived in England until 1900, when he went to the United States to edit a revision of The Jewish…
(Encyclopedia) Kabila, JosephKabila, Josephkäbēˈlä [key], 1971–, Congolese political leader, eldest son of Laurent Kabila. He was educated in Tanzania while his father was in exile there, and after…
(Encyclopedia) Jefferson, Joseph, 1829–1905, American actor. He was the foremost of an old and distinguished family of English and American actors. Jefferson began his stage career as a child actor,…
(Encyclopedia) Joachim, JosephJoachim, Josephyōˈsĕf yōˈäkhĭm [key], 1831–1907, Hungarian violinist; friend of Mendelssohn, Brahms, and Schumann. In his long career his performances of violin…
(Encyclopedia) Nollekens, JosephNollekens, Josephnŏlˈĭkənz [key], 1737–1823, English sculptor, b. London. He studied in Rome and in 1770 returned to London, where he became the most fashionable…
(Encyclopedia) Needham, JosephNeedham, Josephnēdˈəm [key], 1900–1995, British biochemist, historian of science, and sinologist, b. London. He had a lifelong association with Cambridge, where he was…
(Encyclopedia) McKenna, Joseph, 1843–1926, American jurist, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1898–1925), b. Philadelphia. Admitted to the bar in 1865, he practiced law in California and…
