(Encyclopedia) Montgolfier, Joseph MichelMontgolfier, Joseph Michelzhôzĕfˈ mēshĕlˈ môNgôlfyāˈ [key], 1740–1810, and Jacques Étienne MontgolfierMontgolfier, Joseph Michelzhäk ātyĕnˈ [key], 1745–99,…
(Encyclopedia) Niépce, Joseph NicéphoreNiépce, Joseph Nicéphorezhôzĕfˈ nēsāfôrˈ nyĕps [key], 1765–1833, French chemist who originated a process of photography (see photography, still). In 1826 he…
(Encyclopedia) Neutra, Richard JosephNeutra, Richard Josephnoiˈtrə, n&oomacr;ˈtrə [key], 1892–1970, American architect, born and educated in Vienna. Although Neutra worked for a time with Eric…
(Encyclopedia) Murray, Joseph Edward, 1919–2012, American surgeon, b. Milford, Mass., M.D. Harvard, 1943. Trained as a plastic surgeon, Murray became interested in organ transplants, performing the…
(Encyclopedia) Papineau, Louis JosephPapineau, Louis Josephlwē zhôsĕfˈ päpēnōˈ [key], 1786–1871, French Canadian political leader and insurgent, b. Montreal. After serving as an officer in the War of…
(Encyclopedia) Pelletier, Pierre JosephPelletier, Pierre Josephpyĕr zhôzĕfˈ pĕlətyāˈ [key], 1788–1842, French chemist. With J. B. Caventou, he was cofounder of alkaloid chemistry and codiscoverer of…
(Encyclopedia) Pendergast, Thomas Joseph, 1872–1945, American political boss, b. St. Joseph, Mo. After holding minor political offices (1899–1910) in Kansas City, Mo., he became the acknowledged…
(Encyclopedia) Paul-Boncour, JosephPaul-Boncour, Josephzhôzĕfˈ pōl-bôNk&oomacr;rˈ [key], 1873–1972, French statesman. Although a Socialist, he remained independent of party ties from 1931 to 1945…
(Encyclopedia) Paxton, Sir Joseph, 1803–65, English architect, noted for his use of glass and iron in a proto-modern manner. Beginning his career as a gardener and estate manager, he then built two…
