(Encyclopedia) Alfonso VI, 1030–1109, Spanish king of León (1065–1109) and Castile (1072–1109). He inherited León from his father, Ferdinand I. Defeated by his brother Sancho II of Castile, he fled…
(Encyclopedia) Peter II, 1174–1213, king of Aragón (1196–1213) and count of Barcelona, son and successor of Alfonso II. He had himself crowned (1204) at Rome by Pope Innocent III, whom he accepted as…
(Encyclopedia) Plumptre, Edward HayesPlumptre, Edward Hayesplŭmpˈtrē [key], 1821–91, English clergyman and classical scholar. At King's College, London, he was chaplain (1847–68), professor of…
(Encyclopedia) Robert II, 1316–90, king of Scotland (1371–90), nephew and successor of David II. He was the first sovereign of the house of Stuart, or Stewart (see Stuart, family), which eventually…
(Encyclopedia) Philip IV (Philip the Fair), 1268–1314, king of France (1285–1314), son and successor of Philip III. The policies of his reign greatly strengthened the French monarchy and increased…
Queen Elizabeth Celebrates Golden Jubilee 50 years on the throne remembered by David Johnson Only four other monarchs have ruled Great Britain as long as Queen Elizabeth II…
(Encyclopedia) Edward the Elder, d. 924, king of Wessex (899–924), son and successor of Alfred. He fought with his father against the Danes. At Alfred's death (899) Edward's succession was disputed…
(Encyclopedia) Petre, Sir EdwardPetre, Sir Edwardpēˈtər [key], 1631–99, English Jesuit, confessor of James II of England. He attended the Jesuit seminary of Saint-Omer. He was imprisoned (1679–80) in…
(Encyclopedia) Peter II, 1648–1706, king of Portugal (1683–1706), younger son of John IV; brother and successor of Alfonso VI. In 1667, he seized power from his incompetent brother and ruled the…
(Encyclopedia) Baliol, John de, 1249–1315, king of Scotland (1292–96), son of John de Baliol (d. 1269). He became head of the family after the death of his elder brothers in 1278. At the death of…
