(Encyclopedia) Hundred Years War, 1337–1453, conflict between England and France.
The Hundred Years War inflicted untold misery on France. Farmlands were laid waste, the population was decimated by…
(Encyclopedia) White, Leslie Alvin, 1900–1975, American anthropologist, b. Salida, Colo., grad. Columbia, 1923, Ph.D. Univ. of Chicago, 1927. He taught at the Univ. of Buffalo and was curator of…
(Encyclopedia) Charles IV, 1316–78, Holy Roman emperor (1355–78), German king (1347–78), and king of Bohemia (1346–78). The son of John of Luxemburg, Charles was educated at the French court and…
(Encyclopedia) Borgia, Cesare or CaesarBorgia, Cesare or Caesarchāˈzärā [key]Borgia, Cesare or Caesar bōrˈjä [key], 1476–1507, Italian soldier and politician, younger son of Pope Alexander VI and an…
(Encyclopedia) Warwick, Richard Neville, earl ofWarwick, Richard Neville, earl ofnĕvˈəl [key]Warwick, Richard Neville, earl of, wŏrˈĭk [key], 1428–71, English nobleman, called the Kingmaker. Through…
(Encyclopedia) Antiochus IV (Antiochus Epiphanes)Antiochus IVāntīˈəkəs [key]Antiochus IVēpĭfˈənēz [key], d. 163 b.c., king of Syria (175 b.c.–163 b.c.), son of Antiochus III and successor of his…
(Encyclopedia) Orléans, Charles, duc d'Orléans, Charles, duc d'shärl dük dôrlāäNˈ [key], 1391–1465, French prince and poet; nephew of King Charles VI. After the assassination of his father, Louis d'…
(Encyclopedia) Charles of ValoisCharles of Valoisvälwäˈ [key], 1270–1325, French prince and military leader, third son of Philip III and father of Philip VI. He dominated the reign in France of his…
(Encyclopedia) Ensenada, Zenón de Somodevilla, marqués de laEnsenada, Zenón de Somodevilla, marqués de lathānōnˈ dā sōmōᵺāvēˈlyä märkāsˈ dā lä ānsānäˈᵺä [key], 1702–81, Spanish statesman. He was…
(Encyclopedia) Artevelde, Jacob vanArtevelde, Jacob vanyäˈkôp vän ärˈtəvĕldə [key], c.1290–1345, Flemish statesman, of a wealthy family of Ghent. In 1337 the Flemish cloth industry underwent a severe…
