(Encyclopedia) Margaret of Parma, 1522–86, Spanish regent of the Netherlands; illegitimate daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. She was married (1536) to Alessandro de' Medici (d. 1537) and (…
(Encyclopedia) Margaret of ValoisMargaret of Valoisvälwäˈ [key], 1553–1615, queen of France and Navarre, daughter of King Henry II of France and of Catherine de' Medici. She was known as Queen Margot…
(Encyclopedia) Marignano, battle ofMarignano, battle ofmärēnyäˈnō [key], 1515, in the Italian Wars, fought by Francis I of France and his Venetian allies against the Swiss Confederates, who then…
(Encyclopedia) Marmara, Sea of, or Sea of Marmora, c.4,430 sq mi (11,474 sq km), NW Turkey, between Europe in the north and Asia in the south. The Sea of Marmara, c.175 mi (280 km) long and 50 mi (80…
(Encyclopedia) Marsilius of PaduaMarsilius of Paduamärsĭlˈēəs, păˈdy&oomacr;ə [key], d. c.1342, Italian political philosopher. He is satirically called Marsiglio. Little is known with certainty…
(Encyclopedia) Martaban, Gulf ofMartaban, Gulf ofmärtəbănˈ, –bänˈ [key], arm of the Andaman Sea, indenting S Myanmar and receiving the waters of the Sittaung and Thanlwin (Salween) rivers. The small…
(Encyclopedia) Maryland, University of, at College Park; coeducational; land-grant and state supported; chartered 1856 and opened 1859 as Maryland Agricultural College, renamed Maryland State College…
(Encyclopedia) Mary of Burgundy, 1457–82, wife of Maximilian of Austria (later Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I), daughter and heiress of Charles the Bold of Burgundy. The marriage of Mary was a major…
(Encyclopedia) Mary of England (Mary Tudor), 1496–1533, queen consort of Louis XII of France, daughter of Henry VII of England and sister of Henry VIII. She was betrothed in 1507 to the future Holy…
(Encyclopedia) Mary of GuiseMary of Guisegēz [key], 1515–60, queen consort of James V of Scotland and regent for her daughter, Mary Queen of Scots. The daughter of Claude de Lorraine, duc de Guise,…
