(Encyclopedia) Gratz, BarnardGratz, Barnardgrăts [key], 1738–1801, American merchant, b. Langensdorf, Upper Silesia. Having worked in his cousin's countinghouse in London, Gratz emigrated (1754) to…
(Encyclopedia) archangelarchangelärkˈānjəl [key], chief angel. They are four to seven in number. Sometimes specific functions are ascribed to them. The four best known in Christian tradition are…
(Encyclopedia) Nicaea, empire of, 1204–61. In 1204 the armies of the Fourth Crusade set up the Latin Empire of Constantinople, but the Crusaders' influence did not extend over the entire Byzantine…
(Encyclopedia) Carol II, 1893–1953, king of Romania, son of King Ferdinand and Queen Marie. While crown prince, he contracted a morganatic marriage with Zizi Labrino but divorced her to marry (1921)…
BASS, Charles Foster, (son of Perkins Bass), a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Boston, Suffolk County, Mass., January 8, 1952; graduated from Holderness School, Plymouth, N.H., 1970…
(Encyclopedia) Rulers of the Byzantine Empire
Emperor (or Empress)
Dates of Reign
Constantine I (the Great)
330–37
Constantius
337–61
Julian (the Apostate)
361–63
Jovian
363–64
Valens
364–…
