(Encyclopedia) Bonaparte, Charles Joseph, 1851–1921, U.S. cabinet official, b. Baltimore; grandson of Jérôme Bonaparte and Elizabeth Patterson. A lawyer and political leader in Baltimore, he…
WHERE DID NAPOLEON’S ARMIES MARCH? WHAT WAS NAPOLEON’S LEGACY? FIND OUT MOREDuring the French Revolution, France was at war with its neighbors in Europe. These wars resumed in 1800 under the…
(Encyclopedia) Murat, JoachimMurat, JoachimzhōäshăNˈ müräˈ [key], 1767–1815, marshal of France, king of Naples (1808–15). He left his theological studies to enter the army and fought in Egypt under…
WHY DID THE FRENCH RISE UP? WHAT HAPPENED ON JULY 14? BIOGRAPHY: MAXIMILIEN DE ROBESPIERRE 1758–1794 REIGN OF TERRORFIND OUT MOREThe years 1789 to 1799 marked a turning point in European history.…
(Encyclopedia) Consulate, 1799–1804, in French history, form of government established after the coup of 18 Brumaire (Nov. 9–10, 1799), which ended the Directory. Three consuls were appointed to rule…
(Encyclopedia) Pyramids, battle of, July, 1798, during the French Revolutionary Wars, battle fought between the French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte and the Egyptian Mamluks led by Murad Bey.…
(Encyclopedia) Portalis, Jean Étienne MariePortalis, Jean Étienne MariezhäN ātyĕnˈ märēˈ pôrtälēsˈ [key], 1746–1807, French statesman and lawyer. A moderate, he was suspected of royalist sympathies…
(Encyclopedia) Lannes, JeanLannes, JeanzhäN län [key], 1769–1809, marshal of France. He fought under Napoleon Bonaparte (later Napoleon I) in the Italian and Egyptian campaigns, supported his coup of…
