(Encyclopedia) Simon, JulesSimon, Juleszhül sēmôNˈ [key], 1814–96, French statesman. His full name was Jules François Simon Suisse. He taught philosophy at the Sorbonne from 1839 to 1852, during…
(Encyclopedia) Blanqui, Louis AugusteBlanqui, Louis Augustelwē ôgüstˈ [key], 1805–81, French revolutionary and radical thinker. While a student in Paris, he joined (1824) a branch of the Carbonari, a…
(Encyclopedia) French architecture, structures created in the area of Europe that is now France.
Engineers and architects, including François Hennebique, Auguste Perret, and Tony Garnier, pioneered…
(Encyclopedia) Knights Hospitalers, members of the military and religious Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, sometimes called the Knights of St. John and the Knights of Jerusalem. The…
(Encyclopedia) Moltke, Helmuth Karl Bernhard, Graf von, 1800–1891, Prussian field marshal. Following his graduation from the Royal Military Academy of Denmark, he entered the Danish service, but…
(Encyclopedia) LuccaLuccal&oomacr;kˈkä [key], city (1991 pop. 87,100), capital of Lucca prov., Tuscany, N central Italy, near the Ligurian Sea. It is a commercial and industrial center and an…
(Encyclopedia) López, Francisco SolanoLópez, Francisco Solanofränthēsˈkō sōläˈnō [key]López, Francisco Solano lōˈpās [key], 1826?–1870, president of Paraguay (1862–70). He was the son of Carlos…
(Encyclopedia) John VI, 1769–1826, king of Portugal (1816–26), son of Maria I and Peter III. When his mother became insane, John assumed the reins of government (1792), although he did not formally…
(Encyclopedia) national assembly, name of a number of past and present constituent or legislative bodies. In France, under the constitutions of the Fourth and Fifth republics, the lower house of…
(Encyclopedia) Frederick VI, 1768–1839, king of Denmark (1808–39) and Norway (1808–14), son and successor of Christian VII. After the court party had executed Struensee, expelled Frederick's mother,…
