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Rhine

(Encyclopedia) RhineRhinerīn [key], Du. Rijn, Fr. Rhin, Ger. Rhein, Lat. Rhenus, principal river of Europe, c.820 mi (1,320 km) long. It rises in the Swiss Alps and flows generally north, passing…

Cretaceous period

(Encyclopedia) Cretaceous periodCretaceous periodkrĭtāˈshəs [key], third and last period of the Mesozoic era of geologic time (see Geologic Timescale, tablegeologic timescale, table), lasting from…

First Ladies Gallery

An illustrated guide to the first ladies of the United States Please note: Martha Jefferson, Rachel Jackson, Hannah Hoes Van Buren, and Ellen Arthur all died before their husbands became president…

Monroe, James

(Encyclopedia) Monroe, James, 1758–1831, 5th President of the United States (1817–25), b. Westmoreland co., Va. In 1816 Monroe obtained the presidential nomination and was easily elected. During…

Mecca

(Encyclopedia) MeccaMeccamĕkˈə [key] or MakkahMakkahmăkˈə [key], city (1993 pop. 966,381), capital of the Hejaz, W Saudi Arabia. The birthplace c.a.d. 570 of Muhammad the Prophet, it is the holiest…

Dostoyevsky, Feodor Mikhailovich

(Encyclopedia) Dostoyevsky or Dostoevsky, Feodor MikhailovichDostoyevsky or Dostoevsky, Feodor Mikhailovichfyôˈdər mēkhīˈləvĭch dəstəyĕfˈskē [key], 1821–81, Russian novelist, one of the towering…

Peninsular campaign

(Encyclopedia) Peninsular campaign, in the American Civil War, the unsuccessful Union attempt (Apr.–July, 1862) to capture Richmond, Va., by way of the peninsula between the York and James rivers…

parlement

(Encyclopedia) parlementparlementpärˈləmənt, Fr. pärləmäNˈ [key], in French history, the chief judicial body under the ancien régime. The parlement consisted of a number of separate chambers: the…

tile

(Encyclopedia) tile, one of the ceramic products used in building, to which group brick and terra-cotta also belong. The term designates the finished baked clay—the material of a wide variety of…