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Aumann, Robert John

(Encyclopedia) Aumann, Robert John, American-Israeli mathematician, b. Frankfurt, Germany, Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1955. He immigrated with his family to the United States in…

Noyce, Robert Norton

(Encyclopedia) Noyce, Robert NortonNoyce, Robert Nortonnois [key], 1927–90, American engineer, inventor, and entrepeneur, b. Burlington, Iowa.; grad. Grinnell College (B.A., 1949), Massachusetts…

Nivelle, Robert Georges

(Encyclopedia) Nivelle, Robert GeorgesNivelle, Robert Georgesrôbĕrˈ zhôrzh nēvĕlˈ [key], 1856–1924, French general. His services in World War I gained him the post of chief assistant to General…

Paine, Robert Treat

(Encyclopedia) Paine, Robert Treat, 1731–1814, political figure in the American Revolution, signer of the Declaration of Independence, b. Boston, Mass. He served briefly as a chaplain in the French…

Ovshinsky, Stanford Robert

(Encyclopedia) Ovshinsky, Stanford Robert, 1922–2012, American inventor and scientist, b. Akron, Ohio. Self-taught, he developed a new type of lathe in the 1940s, the first of many innovations and…

Owen, Robert Dale

(Encyclopedia) Owen, Robert Dale, 1801–77, American social reformer, b. Scotland; son of Robert Owen. He studied at his father's New Lanark school and in Switzerland. In 1825 he went to New Harmony,…

Peel, Sir Robert

(Encyclopedia) Peel, Sir Robert, 1788–1850, British statesman. The son of a rich cotton manufacturer, whose baronetcy he inherited in 1830, Peel entered Parliament as a Tory in 1809. He served (1812–…

Peary, Robert Edwin

(Encyclopedia) Peary, Robert EdwinPeary, Robert Edwinpērˈē [key], 1856–1920, American arctic explorer, b. Cresson, Pa. In 1881 he entered the U.S. navy as a civil engineer and for several years…

Oppenheimer, J. Robert

(Encyclopedia) Oppenheimer, J. RobertOppenheimer, J. Robertŏpˈənhīˌmər [key], 1904–67, American physicist, b. New York City, grad. Harvard (B.A., 1925), Ph.D. Univ. of Göttingen, 1927. He taught at…

Ayton, Sir Robert

(Encyclopedia) Ayton or Aytoun, Sir RobertAyton or Aytoun, Sir Robertboth: āˈtən [key], 1570–1638, English poet and courtier. He was private secretary to the queens of James I and Charles I, besides…