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Wedekind, Frank

(Encyclopedia)Wedekind, Frank frängk vāˈdəkĭnt [key], 1864–1918, German dramatist. He was also a journalist and publicist, and he worked on the staff of Simplicissimus. A forerunner of the expressionists, he...

serial music

(Encyclopedia)serial music, the body of compositions whose fundamental syntactical reference is a particular ordering (called series or row) of the twelve pitch classes—C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G#, A, A#, B—t...

Mahler, Gustav

(Encyclopedia)Mahler, Gustav go͝osˈtäf mäˈlər [key], 1860–1911, composer and conductor, born in Austrian Bohemia of Jewish parentage. Mahler studied at the Univ. of Vienna and the Vienna Conservatory. He wa...

Ravensberg

(Encyclopedia)Ravensberg räˈvənsbĕrkh [key], former county, W Germany, now in North Rhine–Westphalia. Bielefeld was a major town in the county. In 1346, Ravensberg came under the control of the counts of Berg...

Jülich, former duchy, Germany

(Encyclopedia)Jülich yüˈlĭkh [key], former duchy, Germany, between Cologne and Aachen. At first a county, Jülich was raised to a duchy in 1356, and in 1423 it was united with the county of Berg. After the exti...

Schoenberg, Arnold

(Encyclopedia)Schoenberg, Arnold ärˈnôlt shönˈbĕrkh [key], 1874–1951, Austrian composer, b. Vienna. Before he became a U.S. citizen in 1941 he spelled his name Schönberg. He revolutionized modern music by ...

Gilbert, Walter

(Encyclopedia)Gilbert, Walter, 1932–, American molecular biologist, b. Boston, Ph.D. Cambridge, 1957. In 1968 he became a professor of biophysics at Harvard, where he had taught since 1959. He helped formulate a ...

Cleves, duchy of

(Encyclopedia)Cleves, duchy of, former state, W Germany, on both sides of the lower Rhine, bordering on the Netherlands. Cleves was the capital. A county from late Carolingian times, it acquired (late 14th cent.) t...

Lanuvium

(Encyclopedia)Lanuvium ləno͞oˈvēəm [key], ancient city of Latium, Italy, c.20 mi (32 km) S of Rome, in the Alban Hills near the Appian Way. It was celebrated for its temple of Juno. The modern village is Lanuv...

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