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Sancho IV, Spanish king of Castile and León

(Encyclopedia)Sancho IV (Sancho the Brave) sänˈchō [key], 1257?-1295, Spanish king of Castile and León (1284–95), son and successor of Alfonso X. On the death (1275) of his elder brother, Ferdinand de la Cerd...

Dionysius

(Encyclopedia)Dionysius, king of Portugal: see Diniz. ...

Denis

(Encyclopedia)Denis, king of Portugal: see Diniz. ...

Este, Italian noble family

(Encyclopedia)Este ĕsˈtā [key], Italian noble family, rulers of Ferrara (1240–1597) and of Modena (1288–1796) and celebrated patrons of the arts during the Renaissance. Probably of Lombard origin, they took ...

manueline

(Encyclopedia)manueline mənwĕlˈēn, –īn [key], sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the early 16th cent. It combined contemporary Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Flemish e...

Ferdinand IV, Spanish king of Castile and León

(Encyclopedia)Ferdinand IV, 1285–1312, Spanish king of Castile and León (1295–1312), son and successor of Sancho IV. His mother, María de Molina, was regent during his turbulent minority. He tried unsuccessfu...

Liguori, Alfonso Maria de'

(Encyclopedia)Liguori, Alfonso Maria de': see Alphonsus Liguori, Saint. ...

Minho, historical province, Portugal

(Encyclopedia)Minho mēnˈyo͞o [key], historical province, NW Portugal, between the Minho and Douro rivers. Braga is the capital. This region was settled by the Celts, who left many hill forts, and by the Romans. ...

Beira, former province, Portugal

(Encyclopedia)Beira bāˈrə [key], region and former province, N central Portugal, S of the Douro River. The old capital was Coimbra. The province extended to the Atlantic coast between the Douro and the Mondego a...

Frederick I, Holy Roman emperor and German king

(Encyclopedia)Frederick I or Frederick Barbarossa bärbərôsˈə [key] [Ital.,=red beard], c.1125–90, Holy Roman emperor (1155–90) and German king (1152–90), son of Frederick of Hohenstaufen, duke of Swabia,...