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Andrew II

(Encyclopedia)Andrew II, d. 1235, king of Hungary (1205–35), son of Bela III. He continued his predecessors' policy of transferring crown lands to the magnates, and the lesser nobles forced him to issue the Golde...

Pataki, George Elmer

(Encyclopedia)Pataki, George Elmer pətäˈkē, –tăkˈē [key], 1945–, U.S. politician, b. Peekskill, N.Y. He graduated from Yale Univ. (1967) and Columbia Law School (1970). A Republican, Pataki served as may...

encyclical

(Encyclopedia)encyclical, originally, a pastoral letter sent out by a bishop, now a solemn papal letter, meant to inform the whole church on some particular matter of importance. Benedict XIV circulated the first k...

Aberdeen, University of

(Encyclopedia)Aberdeen, University of, at Aberdeen, Scotland; founded by the bishop of Aberdeen under the authority of a papal bull obtained 1494–95. It has faculties of arts and divinity; biological sciences; cl...

Accolti, Benedetto

(Encyclopedia)Accolti, Benedetto bānādĕtˈtō äk-kôlˈtē [key], c.1415–1466?, Italian humanist and historian. From his history of the First Crusade, Tasso supposedly drew the idea for Jerusalem Delivered. H...

Clemens, Roger

(Encyclopedia)Clemens, Roger (William Roger Clemens) klĕmˈənz [key], 1962–, American baseball player, b. Dayton, Ohio. Noted for his competitive fire and nicknamed “Roger the Rocket,” Clemens became one of...

Baltimore & Ohio Railroad

(Encyclopedia)Baltimore & Ohio Railroad (B&O), first U.S. public railroad, chartered in 1827 by a group of Baltimore businessmen to regain trans-Allegheny traffic lost to the newly opened Erie Canal. Constr...

Dunes, Battle of the

(Encyclopedia)Dunes, Battle of the, 1658, decisive engagement fought near Dunkirk in the struggle between France and Spain that had resulted from Spanish intervention in the Fronde. The Spanish under the command of...

Hobkirks Hill, battle of

(Encyclopedia)Hobkirks Hill, battle of: see Carolina campaign. ...

Herrings, Battle of the

(Encyclopedia)Herrings, Battle of the, 1429, episode in the siege of Orléans by the English in the Hundred Years War. The French, under Jean, comte de Dunois, attacked a supply train commanded by Sir John Fastolf....