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Alcalá Zamora, Niceto

(Encyclopedia)Alcalá Zamora, Niceto nēthāˈtō älkäläˈ thämōˈrä [key], 1877–1949, Spanish statesman and president of Spain (1931–36). After holding several cabinet posts under the monarchy, he became...

Sagasti Hochausler, Francisco Rafael

(Encyclopedia)Sagasti Hochausler, Francisco Rafael, 1944–, Peruvian political leader. An industrial engineer by training, he has served as an adviser to Peruvian governments and as a government official, and has ...

Varela Rodríguez, Juan Carlos

(Encyclopedia)Varela Rodríguez, Juan Carlos, 1963–, Panamanian business executive and political leader, B.S. Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. He worked in his family's distillery business, Varela Hermanos,...

Brunetière, Ferdinand

(Encyclopedia)Brunetière, Ferdinand fĕrdēnäNˈ brünətyĕrˈ [key], 1849–1906, French literary critic. An opponent of naturalism, he believed that literature should reflect a moral order. His vast learning i...

Alarcón, Pedro Antonio de

(Encyclopedia)Alarcón, Pedro Antonio de dā älärkōnˈ [key], 1833–91, Spanish writer, politician, and diplomat. He wrote several novels, including El sombrero de tres picos (1874, tr. The Three-cornered Hat,...

Weyler y Nicolau, Valeriano

(Encyclopedia)Weyler y Nicolau, Valeriano välāryäˈnō wāˈlĕr ē nēkōläˈo͞o [key], 1838–1930, Spanish general. His early career was spent in Santo Domingo and Cuba, where he served during the Ten Years...

Giry, Arthur

(Encyclopedia)Giry, Arthur ärtürˈ zhērēˈ [key], 1848–99, French historian. His Manuel de diplomatique (new ed. 1925) remains a standard work on the scientific study of documents. ...

Fernández de Córdoba, Francisco, d. 1518?, Spanish explorer in Mexico

(Encyclopedia)Fernández de Córdoba, Francisco fränthēsˈkō fārnänˈdāth dā kōrˈdōbä [key], d. 1518?, Spanish explorer in Mexico. Sailing from Cuba on a slave hunt, he discovered Yucatán in 1517. He di...

Morro Castle

(Encyclopedia)Morro Castle môrˈō [key], fort at the entrance to the harbor of Havana, Cuba. It was erected by the Spanish in 1589 to protect the city from buccaneers. The fort was also used as a prison. Morro Ca...

Juárez Celman, Miguel

(Encyclopedia)Juárez Celman, Miguel mēgĕlˈ hwäˈrās sĕlˈmän [key], 1844–1909, president of Argentina (1886–90). After political service in the province of Córdoba, he became president for a six-year t...