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Smith, Goldwin

(Encyclopedia)Smith, Goldwin, 1823–1910, English educator, historian, and journalist. Educated at Oxford, he took a prominent part in executing reforms at the university and became (1858) professor of modern hist...

Protopopov, Aleksandr Dmitreyevich

(Encyclopedia)Protopopov, Aleksandr Dmitreyevich əlyĭksänˈdər dəmēˈtrēyəvĭch prətəpôˈpəf [key], 1866–1918, Russian public official. Long active in zemstvo affairs, and a member of the Octobrist pa...

Marshall, John

(Encyclopedia)Marshall, John, 1755–1835, American jurist, 4th chief justice of the United States (1801–35), b. Virginia. Marshall in his arguments drew much from his colleagues, especially his devoted adhe...

Delany, Martin Robinson

(Encyclopedia)Delany, Martin Robinson dəlāˈnē [key], 1812–85, American black leader, b. Charles Town, Va. (now in West Virginia). The son of free blacks, he attended a black school in Pittsburgh and studied m...

Desmoulins, Camille

(Encyclopedia)Desmoulins, Camille kämēˈyə dāmo͞olăNˈ [key], 1760–94, French revolutionary and journalist. His oratory of July 12, 1789, contributed to the storming of the Bastille two days later. His pamp...

Dortmund

(Encyclopedia)Dortmund dôrtˈmo͝ont [key], city, North Rhine–Westphalia, W Germany, a port on the Dortm...

Clark, Champ

(Encyclopedia)Clark, Champ (James Beauchamp Clark), 1850–1921, American legislator, b. near Lawrenceburg, Ky. After a career as lawyer, newspaper editor, and politician in Missouri, he was (1893–95, 1897–1921...

Chikamatsu, Monzaemon

(Encyclopedia)Chikamatsu, Monzaemon mônˈzäĕmŏnˈ chēˌkämäˈtso͞o [key], 1653–1725, the first professional Japanese dramatist. Chikamatsu wrote primarily for the puppet stage in the Tokugawa shogunate. H...

ephemeris time

(Encyclopedia)ephemeris time (ET), astronomical time defined by the orbital motions of the earth, moon, and planets. The earth does not rotate with uniform speed, so the solar day is an imprecise unit of time. Ephe...

Fenton, Reuben Eaton

(Encyclopedia)Fenton, Reuben Eaton, 1819–85, U.S. politician, b. Carroll, N.Y. He was elected to the New York assembly in 1849 and to Congress in 1852. Although he was elected as a Democrat, his position on slave...