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James II, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland

(Encyclopedia)James II, 1633–1701, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1685–88); second son of Charles I, brother and successor of Charles II. James made an effort to restore himself by landing in Irel...

Lingelbach, Johannes

(Encyclopedia)Lingelbach, Johannes yōhäˈnəs lĭngˈəlbäkhˌ [key], 1622–74, Dutch genre and landscape painter, b. Frankfurt am Main. He first went to Amsterdam in 1637 and settled there about 16 years later...

Mengelberg, Willem

(Encyclopedia)Mengelberg, Willem (Josef Willem Mengelberg) yōˈzəf vĭlˈəm mĕngˈəlbĕrk [key], 1871–1951, Dutch conductor. Conductor of the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra (1895–1945), he was noted for...

Maerlant, Jacob van

(Encyclopedia)Maerlant, Jacob van yäˈkōp vän märˈlänt [key], c.1235–c.1300, Flemish poet, earliest important figure of Dutch literature. He wrote lyric poems and chivalric verse romances after the French a...

Maes, Nicolaes

(Encyclopedia)Maes or Maas, Nicolaes both: nēˈkōläs mäs [key], 1632–93, Dutch genre and portrait painter. His earlier genre pictures bear, in their manner and coloring, a certain resemblance to those of his ...

Helst, Bartholomeus van der

(Encyclopedia)Helst, Bartholomeus van der bärˌtōlōmāˈəs vän dər hĕlst [key], 1613–70, Dutch portrait painter. In Amsterdam the wealthy citizens preferred his flattering, tasteful portraits to those of R...

Hoogstraten, Samuel van

(Encyclopedia)Hoogstraten, Samuel van säˈmüĕl vän hōkhˈsträtən [key], 1627–78, Dutch portrait painter and etcher, studied with his father, Dirk van Hoogstraten (1596–1640), and with Rembrandt. His best...

Held, Julius Samuel

(Encyclopedia)Held, Julius Samuel, 1905–2002, American art historian, b. Germany. Held immigrated to the United States in 1934. In 1937 he began to teach at Barnard College, where he was professor of art history ...

Delta Plan

(Encyclopedia)Delta Plan, flood control and reclamation project, S Netherlands, in the Rhine River delta. Built in 1957–81, it involved construction of four major dikes (up to 131 ft/40 m high) across the Rhine's...

Doesburg, Theo van

(Encyclopedia)Doesburg, Theo van tāˈō vän do͞osˈbûrg [key], 1883–1931, Dutch painter, teacher, and writer. Together with Mondrian he founded the magazine De Stijl and successfully proselytized in Europe fo...