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Cromwell, Thomas, earl of Essex

(Encyclopedia)Cromwell, Thomas, earl of Essex, 1485?–1540, English statesman. While a young man he lived abroad as a soldier, accountant, and merchant, and on his return (c.1512) to England he engaged in the wool...

Charles VIII, king of France

(Encyclopedia)Charles VIII, 1470–98, king of France (1483–98), son and successor of Louis XI. He first reigned under the regency of his sister Anne de Beaujeu. After his marriage (1491) to Anne of Brittany, he ...

Fronde

(Encyclopedia)Fronde frôNd [key], 1648–53, series of outbreaks during the minority of King Louis XIV, caused by the efforts of the Parlement of Paris (the chief judiciary body) to limit the growing authority of ...

Corday, Charlotte

(Encyclopedia)Corday, Charlotte (Marie Anne Charlotte Corday d'Armont) märēˈ än shärlôtˈ kōrdāˈ därmôNˈ [key], 1768–93, assassin of Jean Paul Marat. Although of aristocratic background, she sympathiz...

Chevreuse, Marie de Rohan-Montbazon, duchesse de

(Encyclopedia)Chevreuse, Marie de Rohan-Montbazon, duchesse de märēˈ də rōäNˈ-môNbäzôNˈ düshĕsˈ də shəvrözˈ [key], 1600–1679, French beauty and politician, an intimate of the French queen, Anne ...

Cleves, duchy of

(Encyclopedia)Cleves, duchy of, former state, W Germany, on both sides of the lower Rhine, bordering on the Netherlands. Cleves was the capital. A county from late Carolingian times, it acquired (late 14th cent.) t...

Anguier, François

(Encyclopedia)Anguier, François fräNswäˈ äNgyāˈ [key], 1604–69, French sculptor. He is noted for the monuments of the Longuevilles and of Jacques Souvré (Louvre). His most ambitious work is probably the m...

Fletcher, Andrew

(Encyclopedia)Fletcher, Andrew, 1655–1716, Scottish politician, known as Fletcher of Saltoun. An opponent of the policies of the duke of Lauderdale and the duke of York (later James II) in Scotland, he fled to Ho...

Morrow, Dwight Whitney

(Encyclopedia)Morrow, Dwight Whitney, 1873–1931, American banker and diplomat, b. Huntington, W.Va. He practiced law in New York City and entered (1914) the banking house of J. P. Morgan & Company. After the ...

McGill University

(Encyclopedia)McGill University, at Montreal, Que., Canada; coeducational; chartered 1821, opened 1829. It was named for James McGill, who left a bequest to establish it. Its real development dates from 1855 when J...