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Raff, Joseph Joachim

(Encyclopedia)Raff, Joseph Joachim yōˈzĕf yōˈäkhĭm räf [key], 1822–82, Swiss-German composer and pianist, largely self-taught. He was a friend and follower of Liszt, who produced his opera King Alfred at ...

Lightfoot, Joseph Barber

(Encyclopedia)Lightfoot, Joseph Barber, 1828–89, English prelate and scholar. A fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, he became Hulsean professor of divinity (1861) and Lady Margaret professor (1875). In 1871 he ...

Francis Joseph

(Encyclopedia)Francis Joseph or Franz Joseph, 1830–1916, emperor of Austria (1848–1916), king of Hungary (1867–1916), nephew of Ferdinand, who abdicated in his favor. His long reign began in the stormy days o...

Peter III, king of Portugal

(Encyclopedia)Peter III, 1717–86, king of Portugal (1777–86), younger brother of Joseph. He married his niece Maria I and was joint ruler with her, though she generally was the dominant figure. ...

Dowson, Ernest Christopher

(Encyclopedia)Dowson, Ernest Christopher douˈsən [key], 1867–1900, English poet. He attended Queens College, Oxford, but left in 1888 without taking a degree. Dowson's life was tragic. In 1894 his father died, ...

Chausson, Ernest Amédée

(Encyclopedia)Chausson, Ernest Amédée ĕrnĕstˈ ämādāˈ shōsôNˈ [key], 1855–99, French composer. His music reflects the influence of César Franck and also suggests Debussy. Of his songs, perhaps the bes...

Fenollosa, Ernest Francisco

(Encyclopedia)Fenollosa, Ernest Francisco fĕnəlōˈsə [key], 1853–1908, American Orientalist, educator, and poet, b. Salem, Mass., grad. Harvard, 1874. A pioneer in the study of Asian art, he lived much of his...

Henley, William Ernest

(Encyclopedia)Henley, William Ernest, 1849–1903, English poet, critic, and editor. Although crippled by tuberculosis of the bone, he led an active, vigorous life. As editor of several reviews successively, he int...

Hocking, William Ernest

(Encyclopedia)Hocking, William Ernest, 1873–1966, American idealist philosopher, b. Cleveland, grad. Harvard (B.A., 1901; Ph.D., 1904). He was professor of philosophy at Harvard from 1914 until his retirement in ...