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Tallemant des Réaux, Gédéon

(Encyclopedia)Tallemant des Réaux, Gédéon zhādāôNˈ täləmäNˈ dā rāōˈ [key], 1619–92, French writer. His one great work is a series of brief anecdotal portraits of persons prominent in the Paris of h...

Benson, Edward Frederic

(Encyclopedia)Benson, Edward Frederic, 1867–1940, English author; 3d son of Archbishop Benson. He wrote several biographies and reflections on contemporary society, but he is chiefly remembered for his lightly sa...

Wilson, Benjamin

(Encyclopedia)Wilson, Benjamin, 1721–88, English portrait painter and electrician who opposed Benjamin Franklin's theory of positive and negative electricity. Instead, Wilson supported Newton's gravitational-opti...

Vygotsky, Lev Semyonovich

(Encyclopedia)Vygotsky, Lev Semyonovich, 1896–1934, Russian psychologist. His most productive years were at the Institute of Psychology in Moscow (1924–34), where he expanded his ideas on cognitive development,...

Sokoloff, Nicolai

(Encyclopedia)Sokoloff, Nicolai nyĭkəlīˈ sōˈkəlôfˌ [key], 1886–1965, American conductor and violinist, b. near Kiev, Russia. After studying at Yale and under Charles Martin Loeffler, he toured France and...

Beaujeu-Garnier, Jacqueline

(Encyclopedia)Beaujeu-Garnier, Jacqueline zhäklēnˈ bōzhöˈ-gärnyāˈ [key], 1917–95, French geographer. A professor of geography at the Sorbonne, she was the author of several texts, including Urban Geograp...

Bishop, Isabella Lucy (Bird)

(Encyclopedia)Bishop, Isabella Lucy (Bird), 1831–1904, English traveler and writer, first woman member of the Royal Geographical Society. She traveled extensively and wrote a number of books, including The Englis...

Bispham, David Scull

(Encyclopedia)Bispham, David Scull bĭsˈpəm [key], 1857–1921, American baritone, b. Philadelphia. He made his operatic debut in London in 1891 and was leading Wagnerian baritone of the Metropolitan Opera Compan...

Scudder, Samuel Hubbard

(Encyclopedia)Scudder, Samuel Hubbard, 1837–1911, American entomologist, b. Boston, grad. Williams (B.A., 1857) and Harvard (B.S., 1862). The founder of American insect paleontology and an authority on Orthoptera...

Rodbertus, Karl Johann

(Encyclopedia)Rodbertus, Karl Johann kärl yōˈhän rôdbĕrˈto͝os [key], 1805–75, German economist and conservative socialist. He held several public offices but after 1849 devoted himself to writing on econo...