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Michelet, Jules

(Encyclopedia)Michelet, Jules zhül mēshəlāˈ [key], 1798–1874, French writer, the greatest historian of the romantic school. Born in Paris of poor parents, he visualized himself throughout his life as a champ...

Mayenne, Charles de Lorraine, duc de

(Encyclopedia)Mayenne, Charles de Lorraine, duc de shärl də lôrĕnˈ dük də mäyĕnˈ [key], 1554–1611, French Catholic general in the Wars of Religion (see Religion, Wars of); brother of Henri, 3d duc de Gu...

Vaudreuil-Cavagnal, Pierre de Rigaud, marquis de

(Encyclopedia)Vaudreuil-Cavagnal, Pierre de Rigaud, marquis de pyĕr də rēgōˈ märkēˈ də vōdröˈyə-kävänyälˈ [key], 1698–1765, last French governor of New France, b. Quebec. He was the son of Philip...

Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, 2d duke of

(Encyclopedia)Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, 2d duke of, d. 1455, English statesman and general. He fought in France in the Hundred Years War, receiving his first command in 1431, recapturing Harfleur in 1440, and reli...

Conway, Thomas

(Encyclopedia)Conway, Thomas, 1735–1800?, general in the Continental army in the American Revolution, b. Ireland. Educated in France, he was an officer in the French army before coming (1777) to America. He fough...

chartreuse

(Encyclopedia)chartreuse shärtro͞ozˈ [key], liqueur made exclusively by Carthusians at their monastery, La Grande Chartreuse, France, until their expulsion in 1903. The French distillery and trademark were sold,...

Aisne

(Encyclopedia)Aisne ĕn [key], department, NE France, in Île-de-France, Picardy, and Champagne, touching the Belgian border. Laon is the capital. ...

Franchet d'Esperey, Louis Félix Marie François

(Encyclopedia)Franchet d'Esperey, Louis Félix Marie François lwē fālēksˈ märēˈ fräNswäˈ fräNshāˈ dāpərāˈ [key], 1856–1942, marshal of France. He commanded the French 5th army in the battle of t...

Hinault, Bernard

(Encyclopedia)Hinault, Bernard bĕrnärˈ ēnōˈ [key], 1954–, French cyclist, b. Yffignac. Turning professional in 1977, he had more than 200 race victories and is best known as the third in his sport to win th...

Flanders, French

(Encyclopedia)Flanders, French, region of N France, on the North Sea and along the Belgian border. It is coextensive with Nord dept. The area is studded with important industrial cities and historic towns and was o...