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Samaras, Lucas

(Encyclopedia)Samaras, Lucas lo͞okˈəs sämärˈəs [key], 1936–, American artist, b. Kastoria, Greece. Samaras is noted for his unusual assemblages, incorporating such diverse materials as straight pins, multi...

Sophists

(Encyclopedia)Sophists sŏfˈĭsts [key], originally, itinerant teachers in Greece (5th cent. b.c.) who provided education through lectures and in return received fees from their audiences. The term was given as a ...

Balkan Wars

(Encyclopedia)Balkan Wars, 1912–13, two short wars, fought for the possession of the European territories of the Ottoman Empire. The outbreak of the Italo-Turkish War for the possession of Tripoli (1911) encourag...

Peloponnesus

(Encyclopedia)Peloponnesus mōrēˈə [key], peninsula (1991 pop. 1,086,935), c.8,300 sq mi (21,500 sq km), S Greece. It is linked with central Greece by the Isthmus of Corinth, and it is washed by the Aegean Sea o...

Doxiades, Constantinos

(Encyclopedia)Doxiades, Constantinos kônstäntēˈnôs dôksyäˈᵺēs [key], 1913–75, Greek urban planner, designer, and consultant on ekistics, the science of human settlements. In Athens, Doxiades held offic...

Crvenkovski, Branko

(Encyclopedia)Crvenkovski, Branko, 1962–, North Macedonian political leader, b. Sarajevo, Yugoslavia (now in Bosnia and Herzegovina). An electrical engineer, he worked in industry before being elected to the Nati...

Daedalus

(Encyclopedia)Daedalus dĕdˈələs [key], in Greek mythology, craftsman and inventor. After killing his apprentice Talos in envy, he fled from Greece to Crete. There, he arranged the liaison between Pasiphaë and ...

Chrysoloras, Manuel

(Encyclopedia)Chrysoloras, Manuel krĭsəlôrˈəs [key], c.1350–1415, Greek teacher and writer, b. Constantinople. Traveling to Italy on a diplomatic mission, he became celebrated for his teaching and introduced...

Olympiad

(Encyclopedia)Olympiad, unit of a chronological era of ancient Greece, a four-year period, each one beginning with the Olympic games. Timaeus (c.356–c.260 b.c.) of Sicily was the first to use, as a check on chron...

Leonidas

(Encyclopedia)Leonidas lēŏnˈĭdəs [key], d. 480 b.c., king of Sparta. He succeeded (c.491 b.c.) his half-brother, Cleomenes I. When the Persians invaded Greece under Xerxes (480 b.c.), Leonidas with 300 Spartan...