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Pfeffer, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Pfeffer, Wilhelm vĭlˈhĕlm pfĕˈfər [key], 1845–1920, German plant physiologist. He was professor of botany successively at the universities of Bonn, Basel, Tübingen, and Leipzig (from 1887). W...

Roux, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Roux, Wilhelm ro͞o [key], 1850–1924, German anatomist, a founder of experimental embryology. He was a pupil of Ernst Haeckel and a professor (1895–1921) at the Univ. of Halle. In his studies of ...

Roscher, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Roscher, Wilhelm vĭlˈhĕlm rôshˈər [key], 1817–94, German economist. A professor at the Univ. of Leipzig (1848–94), he was a founder of the German historical school of economics, which reject...

Reich, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Reich, Wilhelm vĭlˈhĕlm rīkh [key], 1897–1957, Austrian psychiatrist and biophysicist. For many years a chief associate at Freud's Psychoanalytic Polyclinic in Vienna, he later broke with Freud ...

Raabe, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Raabe, Wilhelm vĭlˈhĕlm räˈbə [key], 1831–1910, German novelist, whose pseudonym was Jakob Corvinus. At 23 he began to write novels and tales of village life; the charming idyll Die Chronik de...

Ostwald, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Ostwald, Wilhelm vĭlˈhĕlm ôstˈvält [key], 1853–1932, German physical chemist and natural philosopher, b. Riga, Latvia. He was professor of chemistry and director of the chemical laboratory (18...

Oncken, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Oncken, Wilhelm ôngˈkən [key], 1838–1905, German historian. He taught at the Univ. of Giessen after 1866. A typical national liberal of the 19th cent., Oncken regarded history as a means of nati...

Steinitz, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Steinitz, Wilhelm vĭlˈhĕlm shtīˈnĭts [key], 1836–1900, German chess player. In 1866 he won a match from Adolf Anderssen, the leading player after Paul Morphy's retirement, and became world cha...

Busch, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Busch, Wilhelm, 1832–1908, German cartoonist, painter, and poet. After studying at the academies of Antwerp, Düsseldorf, and Munich, he joined the staff of the Fliegende Blätter, to which he contr...

Canaris, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Canaris, Wilhelm vĭlˈhĕlm känäˈrĭs [key], 1887–1945, German admiral. He occupied various positions in the German navy during and after World War I. In 1935 he was made chief of the Abwehr [mi...