Columbia Encyclopedia

Search results

500 results found

Gauden, John

(Encyclopedia)Gauden, John gôˈdən [key], 1605–62, English clergyman. He claimed to have written the Eikon Basilike (1649), a tract in defense of Charles I. After the Restoration, Gauden was bishop of Exeter (1...

Chiatura

(Encyclopedia)Chiatura chēəto͞oˈrə [key], city (1989 pop. 29,228), S central Georgia, on the Kvirila River. One of the world's largest manganese producers, Chiatura alone accounted for half of the world's mang...

Barbier, Antoine Alexandre

(Encyclopedia)Barbier, Antoine Alexandre äNtwänˈ älĕksäNˈdrə bärbyāˈ [key], 1765–1825, French bibliographer and government librarian. Barbier was one of a committee appointed to collect works suppresse...

Richthofen, Manfred, Baron von

(Encyclopedia)Richthofen, Manfred, Baron von mänˈfrāt [key], 1892–1918, German aviator in World War I. He was credited with the spectacular achievement of shooting down 80 aircraft; he was killed in action on ...

Dura, ancient city, Syria

(Encyclopedia)Dura yo͝orōˈpəs [key], ancient city of Syria, E of Palmyra on a plateau above the Euphrates River. It is also called Dura-Europos or Dura-Europus. Founded (c.300 b.c.) by a general of Seleucus I, ...

Brazilian literature

(Encyclopedia)Brazilian literature, the writings of both the European explorers of Brazil and its later inhabitants. In 1902 Euclides da Cunha wrote his masterly description of an uprising in the Brazilian northe...

Höchst

(Encyclopedia)Höchst hökhst [key], industrial district of Frankfurt, in Hesse, central Germany. It is a leading center of the German chemical industry and was formerly the site of the I. G. Farben chemical and dy...

Ermine Street

(Encyclopedia)Ermine Street, Saxon name for the Roman road in Britain that ran from London to Lincoln and York. It was one of the four main highways of Saxon England. The name is derived from the Earningas, a group...

Florio, John

(Encyclopedia)Florio, John flôˈrēō [key], 1553?–1625, English author, b. London of Italian parentage. Educated at Oxford, Florio served in various capacities at the court of James I. He is chiefly remembered ...

Alexius II

(Encyclopedia)Alexius II (Alexius Comnenus), 1168–83, Byzantine emperor (1180–83), son and successor of Manuel I. His mother, Mary of Antioch, who was regent for him, alienated the population by favoring the La...