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Eustathius

(Encyclopedia)Eustathius, d. c.1194, Byzantine scholar, archbishop of Salonica (from 1175). He became renowned as master of the orators at Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, then a center of learning. He lectured on Hom...

Kanellopoulos, Panayotis

(Encyclopedia)Kanellopoulos, Panayotis pänäyôˈtēs känālōˈpo͞olōs [key], 1902–86, Greek writer and political leader. A professor of sociology at the Univ. of Athens, he was active in World War II in the...

Senigallia

(Encyclopedia)Senigallia sānēgälˈlyä [key], city (1991 pop. 41,144), in the Marche, central Italy, on the Adriatic Sea. It is a port, a seaside resort, and an industrial center. Manufactures include textiles, ...

Boxer Uprising

(Encyclopedia)Boxer Uprising, 1898–1900, antiforeign movement in China, culminating in a desperate uprising against Westerners and Western influence. By the end of the 19th cent. the Western powers and Japan had ...

Corinth, Isthmus of

(Encyclopedia)Corinth, Isthmus of, c.20 mi (32 km) long and 4–8 mi (6.4–12.9 km) wide, connecting central Greece (Attica and Boeotia) with the Peloponnesus, between the Gulf of Corinth and the Saronic Gulf. It ...

Iberia

(Encyclopedia)Iberia ībĭrˈēə [key], ancient country of Transcaucasia, roughly the eastern part of present-day Georgia. It was inhabited in earliest times by various tribes, collectively called Iberians by anci...

Pentapolis

(Encyclopedia)Pentapolis pĕntăˈpəlĭs [key] [Gr.,=five cities], collective name anciently applied to several groups of five cities. The chief cities of Cyrenaica on the northern coast of Africa (Apollonia, Arsi...

Peter the Hermit

(Encyclopedia)Peter the Hermit, c.1050–1115, French religious leader. In 1095 he was a very successful preacher of the First Crusade (see Crusades), and he led one of its bands. In 1096 he reached Constantinople ...

Chang Chih-tung

(Encyclopedia)Chang Chih-tung jängˈ jûrˈ-do͝ongˈ [key], 1837–1909, Chinese Ch'ing dynasty statesman and educational reformer. He occupied the high post of governor-general for over two decades, first of Gua...

patriarch, in Christian churches

(Encyclopedia)patriarch, in Christian churches, title of certain exalted bishops, implying authority over a number of other bishops. There were originally three patriarchates: the West, held by the bishop of Rome (...