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Communist party, in Russia and the Soviet Union

(Encyclopedia)See L. Schapiro, The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (2d ed. 1971); S. F. Cohen, Rethinking the Soviet Experience (1985); M. Geller, Utopia in Power (1986); S. Carter, Russian Nationalism (1990); ...

Old Man of the Mountain, in Islamic history

(Encyclopedia)Old Man of the Mountain, in Islamic history: see Assassin. ...

biblical archaeology

(Encyclopedia)biblical archaeology, term applied to the archaeology of the biblical lands, especially those of the ancient Middle East. While the thousands of written texts found in the languages of the ancient Mid...

Shalmaneser I

(Encyclopedia)Shalmaneser I shălmənēˈzər [key], d. 1290 b.c., king of Assyria. He restored the temple at Assur, established a royal residence at Nineveh, and removed the capital from Assur to Calah, c.18 mi (2...

Givatayim

(Encyclopedia)Givatayim gĭvätäˈyĭm [key], town, W central Israel, a residential suburb of Tel Aviv. It was ...

Hazor

(Encyclopedia)Hazor hāˈzôr [key] 1 Fortified city of N Galilee, 5 mi (8 km) SW of Lake Hula, in present-day Israel. Strategically located in ancient Palestine on the road leading from Egypt to Syria and Asia Min...

Elohim

(Encyclopedia)Elohim ĕlōhēmˈ, ēlōˈhĭm, ĕlˈōhēm [key], term used to designate the God of Israel. The use of Elohim in Israel's religious texts is an attempt to treat the particular Hebrew God, Yahweh, in...

Ramat Gan

(Encyclopedia)Ramat Gan räˈmät gän [key], city (1994 pop. 122,200), W central Israel, adjacent to Tel Aviv. Founded in 1921, Ramat Gan is an important industrial center. Food processing is the chief industry; c...

Sharett, Moshe

(Encyclopedia)Sharett, Moshe mōˈshə shərĕtˈ [key], 1894–1965, Israeli statesman, b. Russia, originally named Shertok. In 1906 he emigrated to Palestine where he was active in the labor movement. In 1933 he ...

Shallum

(Encyclopedia)Shallum shălˈəm [key], in the Bible. 1 King of Israel for a month. He killed King Zachariah for the throne and was himself killed by Menahem. 2 King of Judah: see Jehoahaz (2.) 3 In 1 Kings, husban...