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Bugenhagen, Johann

(Encyclopedia)Bugenhagen, Johann yōˈhän bo͞oˈgənhäˌgən [key], 1485–1558, German Protestant reformer. Born in Pomerania, he is sometimes called Dr. Pomeranus. Bugenhagen, an ordained priest, was attracted...

Zoffany, Johann

(Encyclopedia)Zoffany, Johann yōˈhän zŏfˈənē [key], 1735–1810, English painter. After 12 years of study in Italy, Zoffany settled in England. He frequently painted conversation pieces, domestic tableaux fi...

Wessel, Johann

(Encyclopedia)Wessel, Johann yōˈhän vĕsˈəl [key], c.1420–1489, Dutch theologian and precursor of the Protestant Reformation, also known as Wessel Harmenss Gansfort or Goesevoyrd. He was one of the Brethren ...

Achard, Franz Karl

(Encyclopedia)Achard, Franz Karl fränts kärl äkhˈärt [key], 1753–1821, German chemist. He made pioneering use of the discovery by his countryman Andreas Marggraf of sugar in beet...

Haydn, Franz Joseph

(Encyclopedia)Haydn, Franz Joseph fränts yōˈzĕf hīˈdən [key], 1732–1809, Austrian composer, one of the greatest masters of classical music. As a boy he sang in the choir at St. Stephen's, Vienna, where he ...

Franz Josef Land

(Encyclopedia)Franz Josef Land frăns jōˈzəf, fränts yōˈzĕf [key], Rus. Zemlya Frantsa Iosifa, archipelago, c.6,300 sq mi (16,320 sq km), in the Arctic Ocean N of Novaya Zemlya, Russia. It consists of more t...

Geithner, Timothy Franz

(Encyclopedia)Geithner, Timothy Franz gītˈnər [key], 1961–, U.S. government official, b. New York City, grad. Dartmouth (B.A. 1983), Johns Hopkins (M.A. 1985). In 1988 he began working at the Treasury Dept., w...

Gabelsberger, Franz Xaver

(Encyclopedia)Gabelsberger, Franz Xaver fränts ksävĕrˈ gäˈbəlsbĕrˌgər [key], 1780–1849, German stenographer. He invented a popular German shorthand system. ...

Defregger, Franz von

(Encyclopedia)Defregger, Franz von fränts fən dāˈfrĕgər [key], 1835–1921, Austrian genre and historical painter. He studied in Munich with Piloty. He is known for his popular pictures of Tyrolean life, whic...

Scharwenka, Franz Xaver

(Encyclopedia)Scharwenka, Franz Xaver fränts ksävârˈ shärvĕngˈkä [key], 1850–1924, Polish-German pianist and composer. He founded his own conservatories in Berlin (1881) and New York City (1891). Beginnin...