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Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph, Baron

(Encyclopedia)Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph, Baron, 1768–1830, French mathematician and physicist. He was noted for his researches on heat and on numerical equations. He originated Fourier's theorem on vibratory ...

Gobineau, Joseph Arthur, comte de

(Encyclopedia)Gobineau, Joseph Arthur, comte de zhôzĕfˈ ärtürˈ kôNt də gōbēnōˈ [key], 1816–82, French diplomat and man of letters. The chief early French proponent of the theory of Nordic supremacy, h...

Garnier-Pagès, Étienne Joseph Louis

(Encyclopedia)Garnier-Pagès, Étienne Joseph Louis ātyĕnˈ zhôzĕfˈ lwē gärnyāˈ-päzhĕsˈ [key], 1801–41, French politician; brother of Louis Antoine Garnier-Pagès. He was a leading figure in the oppos...

Jellachich de Buzim, Joseph, Count

(Encyclopedia)Jellachich de Buzim, Joseph, Count yĕˈlächĭch, bo͞oˈzĭm, –zhĭm [key], 1801–59, Austrian general, a Croatian nobleman. He was governor of Croatia when the revolution of 1848 broke out in Hu...

Le Verrier, Urbain Jean Joseph

(Encyclopedia)Le Verrier, Urbain Jean Joseph ürbăNˈ zhäN zhôzĕfˈ ləvĕryāˈ [key], 1811–77, French astronomer who made calculations that led to the discovery of the planet Neptune. In considering the per...

Macdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph Alexandre

(Encyclopedia)Macdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph Alexandre zhäk ātyĕnˈzhôzĕfˈ älĕksäNˈdrə mäkdônälˈ [key], 1765–1840, marshal of France, of Scottish descent. He distinguished himself in the French...

Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais de

(Encyclopedia)Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais de läläNdˈ [key], 1732–1807, French astronomer. Under the direction of the French Academy of Science, he went to Berlin in 1751 to make observations on the p...

Boussingault, Jean Baptiste Joseph Dieudonné

(Encyclopedia)Boussingault, Jean Baptiste Joseph Dieudonné zhäN bätēstˈ zhôzĕfˈ dyödônāˈ bo͞osăNgōˈ [key], 1802–87, French agricultural chemist. He was professor of chemistry at Lyons and later pr...

Abbott, Sir John Joseph Caldwell

(Encyclopedia)Abbott, Sir John Joseph Caldwell, 1821–93, Canadian political leader. He was a graduate of McGill College, where he served on the law faculty (1853–80). He served in the Canadian House of Commons ...

Vendôme, Louis Joseph, duc de

(Encyclopedia)Vendôme, Louis Joseph, duc de dük də väNdōmˈ [key], 1654–1712, marshal of France; grandson of César de Vendôme and son of Laura Mancini. He fought in the War of the Grand Alliance. In the W...

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